論超現實主義繪畫的文學性及其在數位插畫之應用

Abstract

本研究主要目的是試圖發掘超現實主義先驅繪畫中的文學性，盼藉由分析歸納，呈現超現實主義繪畫中的文學意涵及表現手法，探討抽象的文學元素轉化為視覺畫面的關係性，將分析所得應用於創作中。希望本研究可對日後從事圖像設計的創作者提供更多元的參考方向、並作為創作思考的助力之一。 本研究的研究背景從三方面作探討，分別是繪畫與文學的關係性、超現實主義的特點，以及現今電腦繪圖軟體的應用。 第二部分為研究方法，研究方法有三個主要步驟，分別是：文獻研究、超現實繪畫的文學性分析，以及整合分析實作的部分；文獻研究包含超現實主義的淵源歷史，以及其表現手法、插畫的淵源與表現形式、文學的定義以及範圍，以此作為研究分析的參考資料。 超現實繪畫的文學性分析則分析超現實繪畫先驅的繪畫作品，本研究所分析的五個超現實主義畫家為：馬格利特、米羅、基里訶、恩斯特及達利，經由畫家書信、著作、文獻中分析發掘其繪畫中的文學性，緣起於文學運動的超現實主義有其脈絡可循，觀看這個文學藝術流派的演變發展以及繪畫所呈現無盡的奇發異想，透過研究啟發創造力以及思考能力、培養創作的表現能力，是此次研究最大的收穫。 最後實作的部分有五組創作作品，除了呈現創作過程、說明創作理念，本研究並以三個要素做為創作分析，分別為；插畫表現方式、超現實風格的表現手法、以及文學表現手法。 超現實主義繪畫中具有文學性的特質之外，是否也有可能擁有其它的藝術特質呢？例如，音樂性、戲劇性，超現實主義繪畫中所出現的建築亦饒富涵義，而由於研究的時間與經費限制，這些可能性還未列入此次的研究中，若未來有繼續發展的機會，建議可更進一步探索。

The main purpose of this research is to inquire into the literary characteristics of the pioneer surrealistic drawings. It attempts to analyze the literary content and the techniques of expression present in the surrealistic drawings, discusses the transformation of the abstract literary elements into the visual form of the picture and relationship between them, as well as to examine in detail the application of the results obtained in this process into the artistic creation. The author hopes that this study will provide the multi-dimensional reference point for future designers and inspiration for their work. The discussion is conducted from three perspectives, which are: the relationship between the art and literature, the main features of surrealism, the contemporary application of the computer software into design. The description of methodology constitutes the second part of this work and is conveyed in three steps: the literature research, the analysis of literary features in surrealistic drawings and combine explanation of the implementation methods. The literature research aims at explaining the history of origin of surrealistic style, the techniques of expression and discusses the forms of expression in illustrations, and for this reasons can serve as a material of reference for the creation techniques and research analysis. The analysis concerning the literary characteristics in surrealistic paintings looks at work of the pioneers of the style and is particularly interested in four surrealist artists: René François Ghislain Magritte, Joan Miró, Giorgio de Chirico, Max Ernst and Salvador Dali. On the basis of their letters, writings and literary work, it uncovers the literary content of their paintings, identifies the literary structure of surrealism which originates in literary movements, traces the development of this school of school combining literature and art and observes the limitless unusual visions produced in pictures. The greatest reward of this research can be found in inspiring the creativity and analyzing capabilities as well as in fostering the ability of expression in the artistic work. Key words: Surrealism Surreal Literature Illustration