臺灣自行車運動觀光導遊專業知能之研究─以證照制度建構觀點

Abstract

運動觀光是結合運動與休閒的特色旅遊，而由於政府和自行車業的大力提倡，逐漸興起自行車休閒運動風潮。導遊的專業能力更成為銷售下ㄧ次旅遊的關鍵性人物，故自行車導遊的專業知能也備受重視。而國內對於自行車導遊專業證照制度並沒有相關的規範，導致自行車導遊品質良莠不齊。故本研究目的為探討自行車運動觀光導遊相關產官學界對於自行車導遊專業知能的看法與差異以及分析專業證照制度建構的必要程度。本研究選取從事自行車運動觀光產業相關之產官學界，具1年以上自行車旅遊帶團經驗之從業人員與管理或辦理自行車導遊證照之主管機關，且擁有1年以上管理或辦理之經驗，或擔任自行車導遊認證課程，且擁有1年以上教學經驗之授課講師之八位專家學者進行深度訪談，訪談後整理訪談內容，進行編碼、歸納以及分析。本研究結果如下：一、自行車導遊應具備專業知能：專業知識、專業技能以及專業態度。首先在：(一)專業知識包含：學術基本知識、戶外實務導覽、相關產業知識；(二)專業技能包含：身體機能、自行車專業技能、溝通協調、人際互動、危機處理；(三)專業態度包含：個人特質、工作態度、持續進修。二、自行車運動觀光產官學界均具共識的專業知能構面為：專業技能與專業態度。而均具共識的項目則有戶外實務導覽、工作態度。三、自行車導遊專業證照制度的建構要素包含法源依據、主管機關、資格限制、分級、更新以及效用六要素。(一)證照法規：需立法；(二)主管機關：觀光局；(三)資格限制：需要資格限定；(四)分級：需分級，且以技術做分級；(五)更新：期限為三年更新，且證照的研習訓練時數為24-80小時；(六)效用：優先獲得就業機會。本研究依據研究結果，提出我國自行車導遊專業證照制度的建構要素，以作為自行車導遊專業證照制度建構立法時之參考依據。

The sport tourism was combined with sport and recreation. In recent years, the government and bicycle industry promoted the recreational bicycling. The professional competency was the critical elements for the next tour sales. However, the standards of bicycle touring guides’ professional competency have not been established. The purposes of this study were to understand bicycle touring guides’ professional competency and certify the bicycle touring guides’ professional system construting. From the industrial, government, academic perspective, eight experts who had more than one year experience in bicycle tour were chosen. The experts were intervied by semi-structure questions. The results were as following: 1. The professional compentcy for bicycle touring guides’ included (1) Professional knowledges,which were “academic basic knowledge”, “outdoor practice guiding”, “related industry knowledge”. (2) Professional skills, which were “physical function”, “bicycle professional skill”, “communication and negotiation”, “interpersonal interaction”, “crisis management”. (3) Professional attitudes, which were “personal characteristics”, “work attitude”, “continuing education”. 2. Professional competency included professional skills and attitudes, which were included two items, “outdoor practice guiding” and “work attitude” eight experts pay great attention. 3. Bicycle touring guides’ certified professional system contructing included laws& regulation, authoritative department, qualification ratifying, classification, update and effectiveness. (1) The laws and regulations: The certification should be lawmaking. (2) Authoritative department: The certification authoritative department was the Tourism Bureau. (3) Qualification ratifying: The certification should be qualification ratifying. (4) Classification: The certification should be classified for technique classifications. (5) Renew: The term of certification wasthree years. The hours of research and study training were 24-80 hours. (6) Effectiveness: The effectiveness of certification was to have priority getting a job. According, this research would construct certified bicycle touring guides’ system. Results of the study would provide guidance to the related organization when revising the laws of bicycle touring guides’ certificate in the future.