基督徒諮商員在同志諮商 信仰與諮商專業之觀點與實踐

Abstract

本研究目的在瞭解基督徒諮商員在同志諮商經驗中信仰與諮商專業之觀點與實踐。本研訪談了四位具有同志諮商經驗的基督徒諮商員，以半結構式訪談為資料蒐集的方法，並以質性研究的紮根理論方法歸納與分析訪談資料。研究目標為：（1）探究研究參與者在過去生活經驗中與同志親友的互動經驗；（2）探究研究參與者從基督信仰看待同志議題的態度與方法為何；（3）探究研究參與者基督信仰如何影響其進行同志諮商；（4）探究研究參與者在諮商中如何與同志當事人互動、如何實踐諮商專業。茲將研究結果陳述如下： (一)基督徒諮商員培養對同志的友善是經過與同志真實的接觸以及深入的互動；並從這些經驗中發展出自己獨立於之前所聽聞的看法，是經過不斷換框重解學習的過程。 (二)基督徒諮商員對於「同性戀是否是罪」問題的看法影響他們思考「恩典」與「律法」的角度，也影響基督徒諮商員對同志教會的認同與接納度，以及是否將同志教會視為是靈性資源之一。 (三)基督徒諮商員皆看重靈性對當事人的重要性，在同志諮商中融入了基督信仰之靈性觀點。其「核心工作理念」的價值觀點，影響了其如何進行「靈性評估」，進而影響「介入意圖」的考量，並進一步影響了「靈性介入方法」。瞭解當事人的宗教信仰背景以及當事人對信仰教義的認知則是靈性評估裡重要的一環。 (四)基督徒諮商員在「教牧諮商取向」的同志諮商以「不往同性戀發展」為其原則，在「非教牧諮商取向」的同志諮商在尊重當事人的諮商議題與諮商目標上與一般諮商較為相似。 最後，依據結果與討論提出研究限制，並提出對未來研究與諮商實務的建議。

This study was to explore the viewpoints and practice of Christian counselors in counseling with Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT). Four Christian counselors who had LGBT counseling experiences were interviewed. In-depth interviews were conducted and data were analyzed by grounded theory method. The research aimed at the following aspects: (1) To explore the interactive experience of the participants with gay family and friends in the past. (2) To explore the participants’ attitudes and methods of looking at gay issues from a Christian view. (3) To explore how Christian beliefs affect the participants’ counseling with LGBT. (4) To explore how the participants interact and practice counseling with LGBT. The findings of this study were as follows： (1)Christian counselors cultivate friendly relationships with gay is a learning and reframing process, that have real and in-depth interaction with gay. From these experiences, they develop independent thinking different from the past. (2)"Whether homosexuality is a sin" affect Christian counselors to think about "the grace" and "the law". This opinion also affects identification and acceptance of gay church. Further, it also affects whether the gay church as one of the spiritual resources for Christian counselors. (3)Christian counselors put emphasis on the importance of the spirituality, and integrate the view of Christian in counseling with LGBT. Their "core concept" affects how to conduct "spiritual assessment", therefore influence the "intervention intention", and further has an impact on the "spiritual intervention". To understand the religion backgrounds of the clients and their beliefs are very important in spiritual assessment. (4)The principle for the pastoral counseling orientation with LGBT is "do not go homosexual development", and the non-pastoral orientation is similar with general counseling on the aspects about clients’ issues and counseling goals.

Finally, the limitations of the study, the suggestion for professional practice, and future research were proposed.