Culture Change on United States Trade Performance relating to Taiwan and China

Abstract

新制度學派指出文化價值與制度變遷是影響組織經濟成就的關鍵因素，本文以新制度學派為架構，Hofstede文化構面為理論基礎，透過計量模型的建立，成功的以量化分析法衡量貿易自由化對美國進出口貿易所造成的影響；價值獨立變數可以透過Hofstede 的文化構面和施正屏博士所建立的計量模型來評估美國自1990年到2004年與兩岸拓展經貿關係之貿易成就。實證結果顯示文化構面指標，包括：權力距離、個人主義、規避不確定性的程度等變數均是影響美國對外貿易的重要因素。本文並以區域虛擬變數檢定兩岸經貿與亞太地區其他國家之貿易表現的差異。

Based on the theory of the neo-institutional school states that institution and institutional changes affect economics performance, this study examines the impact of culture and American values of free trade on United States' trade performance by building an econometric model. Thus, the value independent variables could be measured by this new approach. The approach takes the cultural dimensions defined by Hofstede and an econometric model was first build by Shih. The U.S trade with the Asia region and five countries for the period of 1990 to 2004 were examined. Cultural indicators that were used to measure trade performance are foreign students in the United States, WTO membership, population and official language. The study is then focused on Taiwan and China to measure indicators of trade performance.