臺灣常見野花童趣造形圖樣設計研究創作

Abstract

野花在大自然裡扮演著極其重要的角色，其所盛開的花朵除了視覺上的美感外，更豐富了整個生態系。然而相較於市面上的觀賞花卉，野花的存在相對容易被忽視。在藝術領域裡，不乏以花卉作為創作的題材，關於花卉的圖樣及紋飾創作不勝枚舉，但其所表現的花卉，仍以尺度較大、外觀亮麗，或含有特殊寓意的觀賞花卉為主。以1960年代臺灣的傳統花布為例，其所呈現的花卉圖樣，大多以象徵富貴的牡丹花為主。如此龐大數量的花卉圖樣，卻鮮少表現渺小的野花。有鑑於此，本研究欲以臺灣常見野花為主角，將野花樸拙、真摯且無拘無束如兒童般的形象以童趣風格作呼應。透過文獻探討了解野花的各種形態及兒童繪畫特徵建立背景知識，研究方法採用KJ歸島法，以年齡5～9歲處於「圖式期」兒童所畫的花卉作為樣本，得到有效樣本198張，並邀請5位設計師協助分析、歸納，將兒童描繪花卉的特徵作具體分類，藉由KJ法所歸類出的9種兒童描繪花卉之造形特徵，進一步提取出具體的童趣運用準則，作為真實野花的童趣造形轉化依據，最終提取出9項準則：1.平面化、2.多視角組合、3.細節簡化、4. 比例失衡、5. 不流暢線條、6.點錯畫、7.複線著色、8.擬人化／裝飾物、9.誇張手法。其中「平面化」、「細節簡化」、「不流暢線條」在創作上使用最為頻繁，為童趣造形的核心準則。本研究創作針對9種野花做童趣造形設計及印花設計，實際應用於裝飾畫、書衣、筆袋，及提袋，提供未來設計師相關的童趣風格設計參考，更期望透過產品的形式，將臺灣常見野花融入人們的日常生活中，喚醒人們對於野花的關注及珍視其微小而樸拙的美。Wildflowers play an important role in our environment. Their blossoming flowers not only look beautiful but also enrich the entire ecosystem. However, people tend to appreciate and enjoy ornamental flowers rather than wildflowers. In the field of art, many creative works are inspired by flowers, but these flowers typically feature striking, beautiful appearances, or they have special meanings. Taking the example of the 1960s"Traditional Taiwan Cotton Prints," over half of the floral patterns showcase peonies, which symbolize prosperity. With so many floral patterns, wildflowers are rarely featured as the main characters. Therefore, this research aims to feature wildflowers as the main characters, portraying their simple, sincere, and unrestrained qualities through a childlike style. Through literature review, we understand various forms of wildflowers and the characteristics of children's drawings to establish background knowledge. The research method adopted is the KJ method, collecting flower drawings by children aged 5 to 9, who are in the"schematic stage" as samples. We obtained 198 valid samples. After analysis and summarization by 5 designers on these flower drawing samples, a total of 9 characteristics were ultimately identified. From these 9 characteristics, 9 specific elements that can shape a childlike style were further summarized: 1. "Flattening" 2. "Multiple-angle Combinations" 3. "Detail Simplification" 4. "Proportion Imbalance" 5. "Irregular Lines" 6. "Dotting" 7. "Doodle-style Coloring" 8. "Anthropomorphism/Decoration" 9. "Exaggeration." Among these, "Flattening," "Irregular Lines,"and "Detail Simplification" are used most frequently, making them critical elements for creating a childlike style. This study focuses on creating a series based on 9 types of wildflowers, which will be practically applied to decorative paintings, fabric book covers, fabric pencil cases, and tote bags. It aims to provide design references in childlike style for future designers. Moreover, the study aims to integrate wildflowers into people's daily lives through product forms, awakening appreciation for these wildflowers.