高職學生吸菸行為及其相關因素之研究-以新竹市某高中進修學校為例

Abstract

本研究主要目的是在瞭解新竹市某高中進修部高職學生吸菸行為現況及研究對象的社會人口學變項、素質因素、使能因素及增強因素與吸菸行為的相關性。本研究採用卷調查方法，以分層隨機抽樣，共獲得有效問卷301份，資料經處理和統計分析後，得知結果如下： 一、研究對象每日吸菸的有98人（32.56％）、偶爾吸菸64人（21.27％）、完全不吸菸139人（46.17％）。 二、男性、十八歲以上學生、學業成績排名在後三分之一者、低社經地位、父母分居和父母離婚者其吸菸行為也較多。 三、反菸態度越正向者就越不容易有吸菸的行為產生。「拒菸自我效能」愈強者其吸菸行為愈少。 四、菸品取得越容易就容易有吸菸行為。有5成8的學生在家中取得菸品，約有一半的學生從朋友身上取得菸品，有四成的學生在便利商店購買菸品時，從沒被銷售員詢問過年齡。 五、父母本身的吸菸狀況對於研究對象的吸菸行為之影響並無顯著差異。好朋友的吸菸狀況和研究對象的吸菸行為之影響有顯著相關。有3成8的學生會去注意菸品的促銷廣告。有5成4的學生會注意反菸廣告，愈去注意反菸廣告的學生愈不易有吸菸行為。 六、可用「拒菸的自我效能」、「菸品取得的便利性」、「性別」、「年齡」來預測吸菸行為，可以解釋的變異量為67.9﹪，其中以「拒菸的自我效能」影響最大，可以解釋吸菸行為的總變異量為65.2％。The major purposes of this study was to determine the smoking behavior status and the correlations between social demography variable, predisposing factor, enabling factor and reinforcing factor for the students of the affiliated continuation school of private senior high school in Hsinchu city . The study was mainly based on the questionnaire survey and stratified random sampling method. After collecting 301 available samples and adopting statistic analysis, the results were presented as follows: 1. There were 98 students（32.56％）smoking everyday, 64 students（21.27％）smoking sometime. And 139 students（46.17％）had no smoking. 2. The students with male genders, ages more than 18 years, academic achievements distributing among last 1/3, low society and economic level and their parents lived apart or divorced had more heavier smoking. 3. The more positive anti-smoking attitudes was, the more difficulty to have smoking behaviors was. The students with stronger “self-efficacy of anti-smoking” had less smoking behaviors. 4. The more convenience to get tobacco was, the easier to have smoking behavior was. There were 23% of students always getting the tobacco from their own house directly, and 13 percent of students always got tobacco from their friends. 37 percent of students had not been inquired the age by the seller when they buy the tobacco from the convenience store. 5. Whether the parents smoke or not made no difference to the objects’ smoking behaviores. But whether friends smoke or not had significant correlation with the objects’ smoking behaviores. There were 38% of students paying attention to the tobacco promotion advertisement. Up to 54% of students paid attention to the anti-tobacco advertisement. Students are not easier to have attracted to smoking behavior when they pay more attention to the anti-tobacco advertisement. 6. The smoking behaviors could be forcasted by “self-efficacy of anti-smoking”, “the convenience of getting the tobacco”, “gender” and “age”. Its variation was 67.9％ . “Self-efficacy of anti-smoking” was the key factor and had most significant influence, its variation was up to 65.2％.