應用吸溼速乾纖維提升R410A窗型空調機性能研究

Abstract

近數十年來隨著全球經濟的蓬勃發展，能源的過度開採及使用，已造成自然資源供不應求，環境嚴重汙染及生態結構改變等問題；其中，對於能源自產有限的臺灣而言，節省能源更是不容忽視的重要課題。 根據統計，冷凍空調設備佔全球能源使用量的30%，為消耗能源之大宗。因此，本研究旨在應用吸溼速乾纖維，藉由蒸發冷卻效果增進壓縮機外殼散熱，以降低其產生熵、藉此提升空調機性能，達成節能之目的。 本實驗方法包含吸濕速乾性能評估及空調機性能實驗。吸濕速乾性能評估，以8種不同的纖維材質，進行滴下法、擴散面積、蕊吸高度和殘餘水分率等四種測試方式，得出最佳的吸濕速乾纖維，以做為後續空調機性能實驗之包覆材質；空調機性能實驗係以室外溫度30°C、35°C、40°C及冷房負載1200W、1600W、2000W狀況下，測試R410A窗型空調機性能。 實驗結果發現，以異型斷面纖維做為混紡材質，其吸濕速乾效果為最佳；壓縮機包覆異型斷面纖維後之空調機，其壓縮機衰退率降低40%，性能係數提升20.7%、系統可用能性能係數提升11.06%。上述實驗結果顯示：壓縮機包覆纖維後，藉由纖維之吸溼速乾功能，可提升壓縮機散熱效果，並確實改善系統整體性能，進而達到節能的效益。

In recent decades, as the global economic development, natural resources increasingly in short supply, mining and excessive use of energy has caused serious environmental pollution and ecological structural change and other issues; wherein, for energy production limited in Taiwan, save energy’s consumption and abuse is an important issue which cannot be ignored. According to statistics, refrigeration and air conditioning equipment accounted for 30% of global energy use which was the largest part of energy consumption. Therefore, this study aimed to apply moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fabrics, which improving performance and energy saving in the system is due to removing heat and reducing entropy generation in the compression process, Experimental method includes fabrics’ evaluation and room air-conditioner performance testing. Fabrics’ evaluation used 8 different fabrics for dropping, moisture diffusion capacity, wicking method, and moisture drying rate to derive the best fabrics, which passed the evaluation of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying as the coating material of compressor. Room air-conditioner performance testing was mainly tested with the performance of R410A air conditioner for different ambient temperatures (30°C, 35°C and 40°C) and indoor loads (1200W, 1600W, 2000W). According to the result, it showed that using the profiled fabrics as blended material has better effect in moisture-absorbing and quick-drying. In the room air-conditioner performance testing, the compressor irreversible rate reduced 40%, COP improved about 20.7%, and EPC improved about 11.06% in the new air conditioner. The above results showed that with the coated fabrics could enhance cooling effect of compressor, and truly improved the performance of the overall system, and thus achieved energy saving efficiency.