某大學學生對學校飲食政策和飲食環境之認知與飲食行為相關研究
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2008
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Abstract
本研究之主要目的在於瞭解大學學生對學校飲食政策和飲食環境之認知與飲食行為的關係。以苗栗縣某技術學院日間部一至三年級學生為母群，採分層隨機抽樣選取699人為樣本，以結構式問卷進行調查，得有效樣本669人(95.7%)。所得資料以單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析及複迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果如下：
一、研究對象的飲食行為得分略高於中間值，表示飲食行為尚可，其中又以吃早餐行為最好，吃水果行為最差。
二、研究對象的學校飲食政策認知低於中間值甚多，顯示研究對象對學校飲食政策認知不理想。
三、研究對象對學校正向飲食物質環境的認知，處在知道且曾使用的情形，但對學校負向飲食物質環境的認知高於正向飲食物質環境。
四、研究對象知覺到的同儕與師長學校飲食社會環境支持度均不高。
五、研究對象的學校飲食政策認知、學校正向飲食物質環境認知、學校飲食社會環境認知與飲食行為呈正相關；而學校負向飲食物質環境認知則與飲食行為呈負相關。
六、研究對象中的背景因素、學校飲食政策認知和學校飲食環境認知，可預測研究對象的飲食行為解釋量為23%，其中又以最要好同學的學校飲食社會環境認知影響最大。
本研究建議宜加強學生的飲食教育，強化學校飲食政策宣導工作及減少提供負向飲食物質環境。
The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between cognition of school dietary policy and environment and dietary behavior among college students in Taiwan. The subjects were selected from freshmen, sophomores, and junior college students of a business school at Miaoli. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire. Six hundred sixty nine students (95.7% response rate) provided valid data. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The important results were listed as follows: 1.The subjects performed normal dietary behavior. Eating breakfast was the best and the fruit consumption was the worst. 2.The subjects were not familiar with school dietary policy. 3.The subjects recognized school dietary environment well. However, they knew negative school dietary environment better than positive school dietary environment. 4.The subjects perceived that support for good dietary behavior from peers and school faculty was low. 5.The cognitions of school dietary policy, positive school dietary environment, school social dietary environment were positively associated with dietary behavior. However, the cognition of negative school dietary environment is negatively associated with dietary behavior. 6.The background factors, the cognitions of school dietary policy and environment could explain dietary behavior with 23% variance. The influential factors was school social dietary environment of best friends. We recommend that school increasing fruit and milk consumption behavior and decreasing negative school dietary environment.
The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between cognition of school dietary policy and environment and dietary behavior among college students in Taiwan. The subjects were selected from freshmen, sophomores, and junior college students of a business school at Miaoli. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire. Six hundred sixty nine students (95.7% response rate) provided valid data. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The important results were listed as follows: 1.The subjects performed normal dietary behavior. Eating breakfast was the best and the fruit consumption was the worst. 2.The subjects were not familiar with school dietary policy. 3.The subjects recognized school dietary environment well. However, they knew negative school dietary environment better than positive school dietary environment. 4.The subjects perceived that support for good dietary behavior from peers and school faculty was low. 5.The cognitions of school dietary policy, positive school dietary environment, school social dietary environment were positively associated with dietary behavior. However, the cognition of negative school dietary environment is negatively associated with dietary behavior. 6.The background factors, the cognitions of school dietary policy and environment could explain dietary behavior with 23% variance. The influential factors was school social dietary environment of best friends. We recommend that school increasing fruit and milk consumption behavior and decreasing negative school dietary environment.
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Keywords
大學生, 飲食行為, 學校飲食政策, 學校飲食環境, College students, Dietary behavior, School dietary policy, School dietary environment