不同效能非結構諮商團體歷程自我揭露類型探究與行為互動之社會網絡分析

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解團體參與者在非結構諮商團體歷程之自我揭露行為，以及人際關係互動的社會網絡分析。研究採取混合研究取向的「同時－巢化設計」，先由七個團體均進行十次聚會之非結構諮商團體進行團體效能檢核，並從中選取高效能與低效能各一個團體；而後以此兩團體作為研究對象，針對其第二至九次團體歷程的逐字稿資料，進行團體的脈絡主題、參與者的自我揭露行為之編碼，並據此進行社會網絡分析。研究結果發現：1.非結構諮商團體的介入對團體成員具有輔導效果，對成員心理健康狀態有顯著的正向改變。2.不同效能團體的自我揭露行為在不同團體階段的類型有差異，高效能團體逐漸聚焦在成員過往人際議題、及當下團體此時此刻的揭露，且自我揭露行為類型隨著團體階段不同也會有較大程度的變化。3.不同效能團體在「團體歷程脈絡主題」、「整體自我揭露行為」、「自我揭露類別趨勢」、「領導者的發話量」、「領導者位置」、「核心成員意義」、「邊陲成員意義」、「焦點成員重複性」等面向存在社會網絡分析的結果差異性。研究統整相關發現對諮商團體後續研究、領導者培育、團體實務能力、及團體工作督導焦點進行討論與建議。The purpose of this study was to understand group participants' self-disclosure behaviors and interpersonal interaction relationships while participating in unstructured counseling groups by using social context analysis method. The research has adopted the hybrid-oriented simultaneous-nested design. By the group performance check among seven unstructured groups which contain ten sessions in each, one high-effectiveness and another low-effectiveness group through all groups were selected as research samples. The social context network analysis was conducted based on the data of the group context theme and participants' self-disclosure behaviors which were coded through verbatim data of the second to the ninth group. The findings show that: 1. Interventions in unstructured groups can do guidance effect to the group members, and also brings significant positive influences to their mental health. 2. Self-disclosure behaviors of different effectiveness groups differentiate in group-stages. The high-effectiveness group gradually focuses on past interpersonal issues of members and group disclosures of the "here and now". The type of self-disclosure behaviors would to a large extent change varies from different group-stages. 3. Within different effectiveness groups, results of social network analysis show that in dimensions "Group Process Context Theme", "Overall Self-Disclosure Behavior", "Self-Exposure Category Trend", "The Amount of Leaders' Speech", "Leaders' Position", "Core Member Meaning", "Border Member Meaning" and "Focus Member Repeatence" exist differences. By integrates relevant findings and results, discussions and recommendations of the follow-up studies of counseling groups, group leader training, group practical ability, and the focus in group work supervision were presented.