『非營利組織推動社區學習的策略之研究』

Abstract

摘 要

文建會自1994年提出「社區總體營造」，迄今10年的時間，其理念與計畫，係以凝聚社區居民的共同意識，自主性的積極參與公共事務。在這社造的過程中，非營利組織由於本身的使命及關注的議題，在政府能力不及處，發揮了莫大的力量。 本研究的個案為財團法人北投文化基金會，因著領導者的理念及對家鄉的熱愛，組織一群有著熱情的在地人士，結合產、官、學界，由文化產業的關懷出發，再結合生態、藝術，埋首十年發展「北投憲章」，推動「文化生態學院」，不斷的以社區議題帶動居民社區學習，成功的承辦「北投社區大學」；該會則由「參與者」順利的轉化為「促成者」，使其著力的北投社區成為社區營造、社區學習的範例。 本研究由訪談及文件分析，發現其四個成功的推動社區學習的策略為： 一、 永續經營與組織策略：以社區文史為切入點，凝聚志同道合的熱心人士成立社區組織，建立永續經營的機制。 二、 理念傳播與願景建構的策略：其中領導者的理念及支持對社區學習的倡導，讓社區居民清楚知道共同願景的描繪，為未來宜居宜遊的美好家園而努力。 三、 社區學習與議題結合的策略：激發居民參與及學習的動機，並持續不斷的有學習的動力，以學習需求與社區議題在配合文化產業的營造。 四、 資訊與資源整合的策略：從志工的招募培訓及運用、到學習網絡及平台的建立，最後終至結合產官學的資源成立社區大學。 非營利組織在推動社區學習的發展，除了成功的策略規劃，尚須著重社區中學習環境的塑造、人力資源的發展與運用、學習機構的整合、學習方案的設計與實施，終至成立學習中心，才能帶動永續經營的社區學習，促使地方的居民成為具有公民素養、終身學習的現代化公民。Abstract 11 years ago, the Council for Cultural Affairs gave us the concept “community empowerment”. It focused on making inhabitants of a community willing to participate in public affairs. Non-profit organizations play an important role in the process, while government efforts were ineffectual.

The studied case is the Peitou Cultural Foundation. Because of the passion of the leader of this foundation for the community where he lives, the foundation has succeeded in organizing people from government officials to scholars to found the Peitou Charter and to establish the College of Cultural Affairs. They have led the local inhabitants to learn from community issues. The foundation has therefore transformed itself into a promoter, not only a participant. Also, the Peitou community has become a model community for community empowerment and community learning.

After some analyses were made, we came to the conclusion that there are four main strategies to take:

1. Perpetual going concern and strategies on organizing: gather enthusiasts together, create some local organizations.

2. Strategies on telling others our ideas and vision: make inhabitants know that we can develop a better environment in which to live and to relax.

3. Strategies on teaching inhabitants to learn from local issues: encourage them to be willing to participate and to learn. In other words, to develop cultural industries.

4. Strategies on resource planning: ranging from training volunteers, establishing networks to founding community universities.

NPOs should not only focus on planning, but focus on providing a better environment as well. They should manage the human resources, integrate all the institutions related to this subject and create education centers to make local inhabitants there become well-educated citizens.