太極拳訓練對少年受刑人生活適應及健康體適能之研究

Abstract

摘 要 本研究的主要目的在探討十二週太極拳訓練對少年受刑人生活適應與健康體適能的影響；並比較有無訓練的兩組在健康體適能與生活適應上之差異。本研究以40名法務部矯正學校明陽中學少年受刑人為研究對象，平均年齡為18.1±1.1歲，受試者隨機分配到實驗組20名與對照組有20名。實驗組受試者接受十二週，每週訓練三天，每次50分鐘。在訓練前後，研究對象皆接受健康體適能測驗(1600公尺跑走、仰臥起坐、立定跳遠、坐姿體前彎及身體質量指數)與生活適應問卷調查，對照組於實驗期間要求保持平時之生活作息。所得資料以中文版SPSS 12.0套裝軟體進行統計分析，以相依樣本t、共變數分析考驗。 結果如下： 1.實驗組少年受刑人經過訓練後，各項健康體適能項目皆有顯著進步。（P＜0.05） 2.實驗組少年受刑人經過訓練後，生活適應有顯著提昇。（P＜0.05） 3.實驗組與對照組在訓練後，兩組經共變數分析比較，結果顯示實驗組之各項健康體適能皆優於對照組。（P＜0.05） 4.實驗組少年受刑人經過訓練後，生活適應優於對照組。（P＜0.05） 十二週太極拳訓練對少年受刑人健康體適能與生活適應有正面影響。

Abstract The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of a 12-week-long Tai-Chi program on health related physical fitness and living adjustment of juvenile delinquents. The subjects who received the training were compared to the control group without the training. The subjects for this research are 40 juvenile delinquents, with an average age of 18.1±-1.1 years, from Ming-Yang Correctional High School of Ministry of Justice (MOJ). The subjects were randomly divided into two groups—the experimental and the control groups and each contained 20 members. The 20 subjects in the experimental group received Tai-Chi training lasting 12 weeks, 3 times a week, and 50 minutes at a time. Before and after the training, the subjects all received health related physical fitness tests (which include 1600 meter running and walking intervals, sit ups, standing long jumping, sitting-bending-down exercises, and body mass index) and living adjustment questionnaires. The subjects of the control group were required to keep their regular routines during the experiment. Data attained was then put into the software SPSS 12.0 (the Chinese version) for analyzing with the tests of dependent t-test and ANCOVA. The results were as follows: 1.The juvenile delinquents in the experimental group showed significant progress in all areas of health related physical fitness. (P< 0.05) 2.The juvenile delinquents in the experimental group showed improved living adjustment. (P < 0.05) 3.After the training, the two groups were compared and the results indicated that the subjects in the experimental group are superior to those in the control group in all areas of health related physical fitness. (P < 0.05) 4.The subjects in the experimental group were better adjusted than those in the control group. (P < 0.05) 12-week-long Tai-Chi training has had a positive influence on juvenile delinquents in the areas of health related physical fitness and living adjustment.