實境導引教學模式的運用

Abstract

自然科學是一門需要實證建構概念的學問，而學生要建構概念需要有能夠由實際發生的現象萃取概念或是能利用得到之概念去圓滿解釋實際發生現象的能力。一般在學習當中，學生常遭遇的問題就是不能從實際的現象感覺到其特殊性或雖瞭解理論但不能應用到實際情況。「實際導引教學」是利用實際的現象來傳達物理概念，並由教師提出關鍵性的問題引導學生去觀察和思考，並經由同學之間的討論建構起他們的概念；最後，再安排作業讓學生在課後練習，將所學的新概念應用到其他情況，強化並穩固學生的新概念。本研究是探討經過「實境導引教學」後學生的學習成效，經研究得到以下的結論：1.引起學生的學習動機最有效的方法就是提供一個實際的情境 2.教師透過實際影像的呈現，並且利用問題引導學生思考和討論對於學生概念的形成有很大的幫助 3.提供好的學習情境和透過討論的教學活動能提升學生物理概念的「應用」能力 4.透過學生與情境的互動和提出問題讓學生思考與討論，對於改進學生學習科學的模式有很大的幫助Natural science is a discipline that needs real examples to construct concepts. If students want to construct concepts，they need the ability that abstracting concepts from actual appearances or using given concepts to account perfectly actual appearances. “Teaching which guide students with actual situation” uses actual appearances to convey physical concepts，and broaches crucial questions in order to guide students to observe and think. This teaching can also construct students’ concepts through discussing. Furthermore，teachers assign students homework to practice after class. We hope that students can use their learning to apply others cases in order to strengthen and firm up students’ concepts. This research is treating students’ learning effect through “Teaching which guide students with actual situation”. We find some conclusions as follow：1. The most effective method facilitating students’ learning motivation is administering an actual situation. 2. That teachers appear actual pictures and use questing to guide students to think and discuss is useful for students forming concepts. 3. Affording a good learning situation and discussing can advance students’ ability of applying physical concepts. 4. Situated learning and discussing activities is helpful for students to improve the mode of learning science.