應用幼兒發展理論於木製玩具產品設計

Abstract

摘要 本創作研究旨在木製玩具與幼兒學習發展兩者間之關連性，以運用幼兒心理發展理論於探討木製玩具。透過歸納整理木材特性、用於玩具之木材、感覺統合解釋、幼兒發展理論與遊戲中的學習發展。各品牌對於木製玩具之理念及木製玩具的設計概念作為分析探討，並於專家訪談過程進行比對分析，最後呈現於創作成果。 從文獻探討中得知，被運用之木材的種類與其特性，從單一種與多種結合呈現於玩具上的表現，其玩具本身的核心價值在於幼兒發展在每個年齡階段的發展，透過玩具在遊戲過程當中，使玩具成為有效且更具專業化之工具，以達到刺激幼兒學習發展。 經由十七件案例分析結果逐一探討，每個階段年齡層的玩具設計表現方式，大多數需設定明確主題皆以仿生手法為主軸，透過簡單的幾何圖形容易讓幼兒辨別，色彩上的運用如繽紛皆以彩虹色彩為主，原素材色彩則用不同種木材結合；在設計師和幼兒教師兩者之間的訪談過程，似乎在玩具理念上並未完全相互呼應，在玩具的延伸性上則有發展空間，以增加玩具的功能性。 本研究創作之整理，在符合適當的年齡層之玩具設計並將設計概念之功能性延伸發展，讓玩具使用性更為多元化；搭配多種木材運用於玩具，讓色彩的呈現原始素材講求自然環保，使視覺柔和且舒適，將不同年齡層的玩具利用故事性串起讓玩具的延伸性多元。本研究根據上述之總結，分析幼兒發展運用於木製玩具之理論作為創作基礎，提供未來創作者之參考。Abstract This study investigated the relationship between wooden toys and early childhood development and examined wooden toys according to theories on early childhood psychological development. The characteristics of wooden materials, the wooden materials used to create toys, and the concept of sensory integration were generalized to explain the early childhood development theories and the learning development of preschool children through games. The ideas and design concepts of each brand of wooden toys were analyzed, compared through expert interviews, and presented. Previous studies have indicated that the types and characteristics of wooden materials are displayed in toys singularly or in combinations. The core value of toys is as effective tools for stimulating the learning and development of preschool children at all stages through games. This study examined 17 cases to identify the design concepts of toys for children of various age groups. Most toys featured specific themes andwere created using biomimetic approaches. These toys featured simple geometric shapes that preschool children could easily identify. The diverse coloring of the toys primarily featured rainbow-like colors. For toys presented in the original colors of the materials, various wooden materials were used to build the toys. During the interviews, although toy designers and preschool teachers did not thoroughly agree upon the ideas of toy designs, they both consider that toys can be further developed to increase their functionality. This study compiled and analyzed toys designed for children of various ages, specifically focusing on the extension of design concepts to rendering the toys multifunctional. Various wooden materials were adopted to create toys, thereby producing toys that fulfill the protection of the natural environment and exhibit soft and comfortable appearances in the colors of the raw materials. Toys designed for children of various age groups were provided with relevant stories to extend the usability of the toys. In summary, this study examined cases that applied early childhood development theories in toy design to provide future toy designers a reference in designing wood toys.