音樂與基督教崇拜風格：以浸信會臺北懷恩堂國語詩歌的宗教實踐為例

Abstract

臺北浸信會懷恩堂自建堂之初即將音樂視為重要事工，重視透過樂以載道的方式佈道與與宣教。該堂的國語崇拜受周聯華牧師的神學理念影響，自1954年至今仍持守莊嚴肅穆風格，2008年時，考慮到將以青年為主的福音崇拜合併到第二堂後，國語崇拜的風格開始多元化。筆者在2022年開始參與一堂的國語崇拜，2023年留意到第二堂國語崇拜的音樂與第一堂「儀式強調莊嚴、肅穆正統的聖樂傳承」有很大的不同，在參與觀察的過程中，逐漸衍生出本研究的動機：首先、懷恩堂國語主日崇拜的會眾詩歌如何受到周聯華牧師的神學理念所影響？第二，兩堂的會眾詩歌是如何選擇的？第三，不同的詩歌在不同空間中的國語崇拜扮演何種角色？本研究以懷恩堂國語崇拜會眾詩歌為研究對象，以田野調查和網路影音資料分析為方法，透過實際多種活動來瞭解其中音樂與崇拜風格之間的關係。研究結果發現，詩歌在崇拜儀式中被用來傳達教義、促進會眾之間的連結。有些受訪者認為，音樂本身只是情感表達，信仰才是維繫教會實踐的重要呈現，但如果會眾對詩歌與文化認同產生分歧，就可能會產生抵抗情緒，選擇迴避或排斥。一般而言，年長會眾偏好傳統詩歌，而年輕會眾更容易接受當代風格詩歌。關於本研究提出的問題，首先，牧師的成長環境與教育背景直接影響崇拜風格。其次，聖樂事工可能因為主領的古典音樂教育背景而展現出嚴肅音樂風格，一般信徒的聖樂事工則多選擇敬拜讚美音樂，但其選詩仍受牧師引導。第三，當代敬拜讚美類型的音樂促使崇拜發生變化。綜合上述，本研究發現懷恩堂國語崇拜風格隨著發展而轉變；這些改變反映教會音樂的運用與接受有其歷史與文化條件，但也與時俱進。Since its establishment, Taipei Grace Baptist Church has regarded music as a vital ministry, emphasizing evangelism and mission through the medium of music. Since 1954, the church’s Mandarin worship services have been influenced by Chou Lien-hwa’s theological ideas, maintaining a solemn and reverent style. However, in 2008, the decision to integrate youth-oriented evangelical worship into the second service led to a diversification of the Mandarin worship style, reflecting a shift towards indigenization. I began attending the first Mandarin service in 2022 and noticed in 2023 that the music of the second Mandarin service differed significantly from the first service's “emphasis on solemn and orthodox sacred music tradition.”This observation sparked the motivation for this study: First, how have the congregational hymns in Grace Baptist Church’s Mandarin Sunday worship been influenced by Chou Lien-hwa’s theological concepts and the process of indigenization? Second, how are hymns chosen for both services? Third, what roles do different hymns play in the Mandarin services within different contexts? This study focuses on the congregational hymns of Grace Baptist Church's Mandarin services, employing fieldwork and online audio-visual data analysis to explore the relationship between music and worship styles through various activities. The research findings show that hymns are used to convey doctrine and facilitate connections among congregants during worship rituals. Some interviewees believe that music itself is merely an expression of emotion, while faith is the crucial element sustaining church practices. However, if there is a divergence betweencongregational hymns and cultural identity, it may lead to resistance, resulting in avoidance or rejection. Generally, older congregants prefer traditional hymns, while younger congregants are more open to contemporary hymn styles. Regarding answers to the research questions: First, the pastor’s upbringing and educational background directly influence the style of worship. Second, the sacred music ministry, led by those with classical music education backgrounds, often exhibits a solemn music style. In contrast, the general believers' sacred music ministry typically opts for worship and praise music, though hymn selection remains guided by the pastor. Third, contemporary worship and praise music have led to changes in worship practices.In conclusion, this study finds that the style of Mandarin worship services at Grace Baptist Church has evolved over time; these changes reflect that the use and acceptance of church music are influenced by historical and cultural contexts and the ongoing process of indigenization, yet must also keep pace with contemporary developments.