韌性及其相關因素之探討：以台中市某高中青少年為例

Abstract

本研究旨在了解某高中學生韌性現況，進而比較不同背景因素在韌性上之差異，探討韌性與人際關係之關係，以及對憂鬱之預測。本研究採問卷調查方式，以某高中3,900名學生為研究母群體，共回收問卷463份，實際有效樣本數共450份，問卷有效率為97.19%。 本研究所使用的工具包括：「青少年復原力量表」、「台灣兒童及青少年關係量表」、「流行病學研究中心憂鬱量表」。調查所得資料，以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關以及多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料處理。結論歸納如下： 1、 某高中生之韌性、人際關係現況屬中等以上，其憂鬱現況屬中等以下。 2、 不同性別、年級之某高中生在韌性的整體表現上無顯著差異。 3、 父母教育程度及家庭收入不同之某高中生，其在韌性的整體表現上有顯著差異。 4、 某高中生之人際關係與韌性呈現正相關。 5、 某高中生之韌性及人際關係可有效預測憂鬱。 最後，根據上述研究結論提出具體建議，以提供學校相關單位、高中職教師、輔導人員及實務應用者未來教學及研究之參考。

The research’s main purpose is to study the resilience of students at a certain senior high school in Taichung. By comparing different background factors that lead to the differences in students’ resilience, this research explores the correlation between resilience and interpersonal relationship, as well as the prediction of depression. A questionnaire survey was conducted as the main method of this research with 3,900 senior high school students as the subjects of the study. 463 copies of questionnaires were returned and 450 copies of which were valid. The validity percentage was 97.19%. The main research tools include 3 scales: Inventory of Adolescent Resilience, Taiwan Relationship Inventory for Children and Adolescents, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Data obtained in this study were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The findings of this study are as follows: 1、 The surveyed level of students’ resilience and their interpersonal relationship is above average, and the level of depression is below average. 2、 The resilience shows no difference among the surveyed senior high students of different genders and grades. 3、 There are significant differences in students’ resilience with different education levels of parents and household income. 4、 There is a positive correlation between students’ interpersonal relationship and their resilience. 5、 Students’ resilience and their interpersonal relationship significantly predict depression of adolescents. Finally, according to the above conclusions, this study proposes the suggestions for school administration authorities, teachers of senior high schools and vocational high schools, counselors and future researchers as their reference for teaching and research.