以「乾冰與肥皂」為例探討科學演示與觀眾反應的關係

Abstract

本研究為探討科學演示之呈現方式、道具使用等活動特徵，和參與觀眾所產生的情感或認知反應的關係，以國立臺灣科學教育館(以下簡稱科教館)中研究者所研發的科學演示「乾冰與肥皂」為例，並參考科學傳播之「大眾對於科學的反應」為框架，探討觀眾反應與科學演示活動特徵的關係。本研究以腳本分析及影像紀錄的方式，分析科學演示中活動特徵實踐的情形，並收集約139份觀眾問卷、隨機訪談約13位觀眾，以了解觀眾對於科學演示的各項反應，以及對於其反應與演示呈現方式、道具使用之關係。發現實際執行科學演示時，演示者主要使用專業實驗用品或日常實驗素材與觀眾互動，觀眾反應最喜歡「演示者操作科學內容」呈現科學內容，而「自己上台參與」、「演示者講解科學內容」等呈現方式，分別與觀眾的興趣、理解反應最有關係。本研究之成果可做為往後科學演示內容調整及研發精進的參考方向，突顯科學演示之教育性、娛樂性及互動性等內涵。This study investigated the relationship between the features of science demonstrations—such as presentation methods and the use of objects—and the emotional or cognitive responses of participating audiences. Using the"Dry Ice and Soap" science demonstration developed by the researchers at the National Taiwan Science Education Center (NTSEC) as a case study, and referencing the framework of "public response to science" from science communication, this research explored the relationship between audience responses and the features of science demonstrations. The study analyzed the demonstration script and video recording to present the implementation of features in the science demonstration. Additionally, we collected 139 audience questionnaires and conducted random interviews with 13 audience members to understand their various responses to the science demonstration, as well as the relationship between these responses and the presentation methods and use of objects. The findings revealed that during the actual execution of the science demonstrations, the demonstrator primarily used professional experimental equipment or daily experimental materials to interact with the audience. The audience's enjoyment response is to the "demonstrator's operation of scientific experiment," which presents scientific content. Presentation methods such as "audience participation on stage" and "demonstrator's explanation of scientific content" are the most related to the audience's interest and understanding responses. The results of this study serve as a reference for future improvements and implications in the content and development of science demonstrations, highlighting the educational, entertaining, and interactive aspects of science demonstrations.