國中學生自治市實施審議民主對政治效能感影響之行動研究

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2011

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本研究旨在探討審議民主對政治效能感與公共參與意願之關係。藉由文獻探討審議民主與政治效能感內涵,並分析組成構念後將二理論作關係對應連結,以取得研究立論依據。 研究歷程藉由行動研究取徑為方法,以國中自治市學生為對象,研究目的共有期望能發展適用國中階段學生之審議民主實踐模式、探究學生自治的實踐歷程、分析審議民主對學生政治效能感影響、瞭解學生對研究歷程的觀點與評價與提供審議民主融入教育之參考五部分。 研究實施採願景工作坊作為審議民主實踐模式,實施時力求符合文獻探討所歸納之審議民主特色與盡力避免已知缺點,盡可能排除無關因素以確認研究實施後,審議民主與政治效能感的關係。審議題目以「一次自治市規劃的學生聯歡活動」為審議主題,經觀察、訪談法獲取研究資料後進行資料編碼分析。 願景工作坊討論結束之後,協助學生實踐活動,並於活動完畢之後進行第二次訪談,以獲取學生政治效能感心理變化資料。經分析後發現審議民主所強調的平等互惠、理由公開性與學生內在效能感有相當大的關連,而審議民主對決議的約束力與保持結果動態的特色,也能夠對學生外在效能感產生影響。
The research aims to investigate the effects of practicing deliberative democracy on students’ sense of political efficacy and attitudes towards public affairs engagement. The researcher applies theories of deliberative democracy and political efficacy as research foundation. The research is conducted by means of action research. The participants are junior high school students who are members of school municipality. The purposes of the research are divided into five parts: to develop a process model of deliberative democracy which can be applied in junior school students, to detect students’ practice of municipality, to analyze the effects of deliberative democracy on students’ political efficacy, to understand students’ viewpoints of research process, and to provide information about the integration of deliberative democracy and education for future reference. The research is conducted in the form of scenario workshop. It attempts to conform to the essence of deliberative democracy, avoid shortcomings known beforehand, and eliminate irrelevant factors to ensure the practice of deliberative democracy and political efficacy. The topic of deliberation is “A Get-Together Party Hold by Members of School Municipality.” The researcher observes the whole process, interviews students, codes obtained material, and analyzes data. After the discussion in scenario workshop, the researcher assists students hold the activity and interviews them to better understand their psychological states in terms of political efficacy. It is found that the equalization and reciprocation on which deliberative democracy emphasizes are influencial on students’ inner efficacy. In addition, the constraint of deliberation and the results of it are effective to students’ outer efficacy.

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審議民主, 政治效能感, 願景工作坊, 行動研究, deliberative democracy, political efficacy, scenario workshop, action research

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