運動場域中身體資本與性別氣質：女子籃球運動員之身體經驗研究
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2013
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Abstract
籃球運動高度碰撞及節奏快速的特性，所呈現之運動文化乃屬於陽剛性質，當女性行動主體置於陽剛文化情境之下，是否能激盪出多元的性別氣質呈現？本研究主要探討大專校隊女性籃球員與運動文化情境互動之下所呈現的性別氣質實踐。為瞭解大專女性籃球員之性別氣質呈現與情境脈絡的關係，本研究採取參與式觀察與深度訪談之研究方式蒐集資料，透過14名大專校隊女性籃球員於球場上的行為觀察及球員訪談，掌握大專校隊女性籃球員藉由身體活動所呈現的外貌及行為，以理解社會文化、性別規範與運動場域文化等面向，對於女性身體及性別氣質的影響。研究期程分為兩觀察階段：第一階段於101年2月6日至2月17日，此階段為校隊寒訓密集訓練期；第二階段為101年3月初至四月初，為每週固定三次晚間練球時段觀察，並於第二階段觀察結束後選取4名研究參與者進行訪談。研究結果發現：1.運動開展的女性身體，突顯陰性身體的內宥性及侷限性；2. 籃球運動訓練形成身體資本的改變，如肌肉增厚、體能變佳及籃球技術增強等；3. 身體資本的改變及籃球場域之陽剛文化，使大專校隊女性籃球員外貌形象脫離傳統女性樣貌，重組大專校隊女性籃球員之性別概念，展現女性陽剛氣質。透過大專校隊女性籃球員身體具體呈現陽剛與陰柔兼備之性別氣質，呈現多面向之女性內涵及形象，超越性別二元論述的概念，使多元性別意涵能透過運動而形成。
Sports field is highly gendered and fills of masculine culture. This research attempts to understand the interaction between the college female athletes and basketball field, discovering the influences of the female athletes’ body posture. This study held in qualitative research, collecting data through participant observation and interviewing women's basketball school team’s players in university. The research findings shows: 1.Basketball training improved female athletes’ figure, such as muscle, physical vigor and skill of basketball; 2. In some actions of female athletes revealed the restrictions of feminine body; 3.The change of body capitals and the culture of basketball field rebuild female athletes’ gender configuration. Female athletes of basketball event can show femininities and masculinities, displaying multiple gender regime.
Sports field is highly gendered and fills of masculine culture. This research attempts to understand the interaction between the college female athletes and basketball field, discovering the influences of the female athletes’ body posture. This study held in qualitative research, collecting data through participant observation and interviewing women's basketball school team’s players in university. The research findings shows: 1.Basketball training improved female athletes’ figure, such as muscle, physical vigor and skill of basketball; 2. In some actions of female athletes revealed the restrictions of feminine body; 3.The change of body capitals and the culture of basketball field rebuild female athletes’ gender configuration. Female athletes of basketball event can show femininities and masculinities, displaying multiple gender regime.
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性別氣質, 身體經驗, 運動場域, femininity and masculinity, body experience, sport field