臺北縣區域社會福利服務中心志工參與志願服務動機與工作滿意度之研究
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2007
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摘 要
本研究目的在於探討臺北縣區域社會福利服務中心志工背景、參與動機與工作滿意度的關係，經由問卷調查的方式，以自編「志工參與動機與工作滿意度量表」為工具，對臺北縣八個區域社會福利服務中心436名志工進行調查，回收373份有效問卷，回收率85.6％將所蒐集的資料加以統計分析，獲得下列主要發現：
一、社福中心志工成員約86％為女性，已婚者占95％，家庭管理占六成以上，志工年齡以50-59歲及60歲以上兩者約占70％，在教育程度方面，以高中職學歷約占全員的44％，另外，服務年資 5-9年及10年以上達七成以上，有其他志工經驗者亦達75％。有社會福利類服務經驗者高達95％以上。
二、社福中心志工具有高度的參與動機，分為「求知識與技巧」、「表達社會責任」、「成就感」、「他人期望」、「社會認可」、「社會接觸」、「自我成長」等七個層面。其中以「社會接觸」與「表達社會責任」層面的參與動機最強，「他人期望」與「社會認可」的參與動機較弱。
三、社福中心志工具有高度的工作滿意度，分為「組織氣氛」、「機構福利」、「自我肯定」、「他人肯定」、「伙伴互動」等五個層面，其中以「伙伴互動」滿意度最高，「他人肯定」滿意度最低。
四、社福中心志工的參與動機因性別、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、宗教信仰、服務年資不同而有所差異。
五、社福中心志工之參與動機不因職業、其他志工經驗、目前家人有參與志工服務而有差異。
六、社福中心志工的工作滿意度因年齡、教育程度而有所差異。
七、社福中心志工的工作滿意度不因性別、婚姻狀況、職業、宗教信 仰、其他志工經驗、目前家人有參與志工服務而有差異。
八、社福中心志工參與動機與工作滿意度有非常密切的關係。
依據研究發現，本研究提出下列四項建議：
一、對相關主管機關的建議
（一）建構志願服務資訊網絡，成立志工資源中心，整合志工參與資訊，增加志工參與的機會。
（二）結合社會資源，擴大志工參與層面，鼓勵青少年、男性、退休人員及專業人士投入志工行列
（三）訂定具體明確的志工管理制度。
二、對參與服務志工的建議
（一）鼓勵多元參與跨單位（機構）服務。
（二）志工家庭的投入，落實志工全民化之目標。
（三）實踐服務學習的理念，豐富人生的色彩。
三、對未來研究的建議
（一）增加研究對象。
（二）擴大研究範圍。
（三）進行質性研究。
（四）擴充研究內容。
關鍵字：志願服務、志工、參與動機、工作滿意度
Abstract The purpose of this research lies in probing into the background, the motivation, and the job satisfaction of the volunteers of the regional social welfare service centers in Taipei County. The research was via questionnaire, “the motivation of the volunteers’ participation and the job satisfaction Evaluate form”, compiled by myself as the tool to carry on the investigation. It aimed at eight regional social welfare service centers in Taipei County, including 436 volunteers, retrieve 373 effective questionnaire, the statistical analysis of materials was collected 85.6% rate of recovery .The major discoveries were as follows: I. 86% of the members of the social welfare service centers in Taipei County are female, 95% of them are married, and more than 60% are housewives. 70% of volunteers are at the age of 50~59,and even older than 60. In education degree, 44% are graduated from senior high schools. 75% have serviced more than 5 years. 75% volunteered in other associations. 95% have volunteered in social welfare service experience. II. The volunteers of social welfare center have high motivation participating in service which divided into seven aspects: “seeking knowledge and skills”, “expressing the responsibility for the society”, “sense of the achievement”, “expectation from others”, “recognition from the society”, “contact with the society”, and “self-development”. Among them, the most strong motivations are “ contact with the society” and “expressing the responsibility for the society.” The comparatively weak motivations are “expectation from others,” and “recognition from the society.” III. The volunteers of social welfare center have high job satisfaction, divided into 5 aspects: “the atmosphere in organization”, “organization's welfare”,” self-affirmation”, “affirmation from the others” and “interaction with the partners”. Among them, satisfaction of the” interaction with the partners” is the highest, and “affirmation from the others “is the lowest. IV. The motivations of the volunteers of social welfare center are different to some extent from their sex, age, education degree, marital status, religious belief and service years. V. The motivations of the volunteers of social welfare center are no different because of their occupations, having other volunteer experience, and other family members participating in volunteering or not. VI. The satisfactions of the volunteers of social welfare center are different to some extent because of age , education degree. VII. The satisfactions of the volunteers of social welfare center are no different because of heir sex, age, education degree, marital status, religious belief, having other volunteer experience, and other family members participating in volunteering at present. VIII. The working satisfaction of the volunteers of social welfare center is closely related with the motivations. According to the findings, the research proposes the following four suggestions: 1. Suggestions to the relevant supervising organization: (1) Build and construct the information network of the voluntary service, set up the volunteer resource center, integrate the volunteers to build up data base, offer more opportunity for the volunteers to join. (2) Integrate social resource, expand the aspect for the volunteers to participate, encourage adolescent, male, and the retired people and professionals to join. (3) Establish concrete and clear management system of the volunteers. 2. Suggestions to the volunteers who join: (1) Encourage pluralism to participate in stepping the other organization to serve. (2) The input of the volunteer's family, implement the goal of the whole people to be volunteers. (3) Practice the idea of service learning, and enrich the color of life. 3. Suggestions to future study： (1) Increase more objects of the research. (2) Enlarge the research range. (3) Carry on the quality research. (4) Expand the research contents. Keyword: voluntary service, volunteer, participatory motivation, job satisfaction
Abstract The purpose of this research lies in probing into the background, the motivation, and the job satisfaction of the volunteers of the regional social welfare service centers in Taipei County. The research was via questionnaire, “the motivation of the volunteers’ participation and the job satisfaction Evaluate form”, compiled by myself as the tool to carry on the investigation. It aimed at eight regional social welfare service centers in Taipei County, including 436 volunteers, retrieve 373 effective questionnaire, the statistical analysis of materials was collected 85.6% rate of recovery .The major discoveries were as follows: I. 86% of the members of the social welfare service centers in Taipei County are female, 95% of them are married, and more than 60% are housewives. 70% of volunteers are at the age of 50~59,and even older than 60. In education degree, 44% are graduated from senior high schools. 75% have serviced more than 5 years. 75% volunteered in other associations. 95% have volunteered in social welfare service experience. II. The volunteers of social welfare center have high motivation participating in service which divided into seven aspects: “seeking knowledge and skills”, “expressing the responsibility for the society”, “sense of the achievement”, “expectation from others”, “recognition from the society”, “contact with the society”, and “self-development”. Among them, the most strong motivations are “ contact with the society” and “expressing the responsibility for the society.” The comparatively weak motivations are “expectation from others,” and “recognition from the society.” III. The volunteers of social welfare center have high job satisfaction, divided into 5 aspects: “the atmosphere in organization”, “organization's welfare”,” self-affirmation”, “affirmation from the others” and “interaction with the partners”. Among them, satisfaction of the” interaction with the partners” is the highest, and “affirmation from the others “is the lowest. IV. The motivations of the volunteers of social welfare center are different to some extent from their sex, age, education degree, marital status, religious belief and service years. V. The motivations of the volunteers of social welfare center are no different because of their occupations, having other volunteer experience, and other family members participating in volunteering or not. VI. The satisfactions of the volunteers of social welfare center are different to some extent because of age , education degree. VII. The satisfactions of the volunteers of social welfare center are no different because of heir sex, age, education degree, marital status, religious belief, having other volunteer experience, and other family members participating in volunteering at present. VIII. The working satisfaction of the volunteers of social welfare center is closely related with the motivations. According to the findings, the research proposes the following four suggestions: 1. Suggestions to the relevant supervising organization: (1) Build and construct the information network of the voluntary service, set up the volunteer resource center, integrate the volunteers to build up data base, offer more opportunity for the volunteers to join. (2) Integrate social resource, expand the aspect for the volunteers to participate, encourage adolescent, male, and the retired people and professionals to join. (3) Establish concrete and clear management system of the volunteers. 2. Suggestions to the volunteers who join: (1) Encourage pluralism to participate in stepping the other organization to serve. (2) The input of the volunteer's family, implement the goal of the whole people to be volunteers. (3) Practice the idea of service learning, and enrich the color of life. 3. Suggestions to future study： (1) Increase more objects of the research. (2) Enlarge the research range. (3) Carry on the quality research. (4) Expand the research contents. Keyword: voluntary service, volunteer, participatory motivation, job satisfaction
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Keywords
志願服務, 志工, 參與動機, 工作滿意度, voluntary service, volunteer, participatory motivation, job satisfaction