桃園縣虎頭山地區高中地理實察課程教學資源的分析與應用---以一年級通論地理課程為例

Abstract

本研究以虎頭山區域性空間為中心，調查並分析研究區內實察課程教學資源，利用景點登錄表，建立實察課程教學資料庫，並依景點個別教學特性分析出所能提供的教學項目，按照資源景點不同的特性分成自然地理實察景點、人文地理實察景點兩部分，總共24個景點。並分析比較各學者設計理念與設計模式以及個人實際教學心得，建構本研究活動設計模式，以此設計地理實察的實例。最後進行多元性的評量來評估其可行性以建立虎頭山地理實察教學資料庫。 經由教學實驗的結果，發現實施地理實察教學有利於學生在地理認知方面的學習，只是往往無法在很短的時間內看出成效。實施地理實察因為提供戶外的直接體驗，比在室內教學更能達到情意方面的改變。 此外，針對地理實察課程的成效實施問卷調查，由調查統計的結果我們發現： (一) 學生普遍贊同野外實察教學活動的實質效果。尤其認為「在增進對自然環境的認知」方面是最有效的。 (二) 能讓學生親身體驗的學習項目之學習效果較佳。 (三) 往後若在內容設計上增加學生的感官活動與自然體驗經驗，對引起學生的學習動機方面，應該是可以有不錯的效果。 (四) 虎頭山地區環境滿受學生的喜愛，又能加強學生對日常生活環境之認識和認同，甚至方便對課程做更深入的觀察及探討，應是理想的實察活動地點。 本研究利用景點登錄表所建立的實察課程教學資料庫，其所調查分析的各景點均涵蓋多項教學項目，所以可視教學實際狀況、主題、時間來選擇景點將之串聯成一景線，而達成教學模式。此教學資料庫可供相關研究及供鄰近鄉鎮的學校實施野外實察活動的參考。

This paper focuses on the Hu-tou Mountain area, analyzing and surveying the resource of a field work for teaching curriculum. It uses the viewpoint table to develop a field work teaching information database and provides teaching items that according to the analysis of each viewpoint’s individual teaching characteristics. In total, there are 24 viewpoints that have been divided into 2 fields according to their different resource characteristics: natural and cultural geographies. In addition, in this paper, the author compares and analyzes the design concepts and models of various scholars and experts, as well as what the author has learned from practical teaching, to form this research’s own design model. Finally, this paper implements a diverse evaluation measure to assess the feasibility of using the Hu-tou Mountain area as a field work in geography for teaching information database.

Through the results of the experimental teaching, we discovered that the field work teaching facilities benefited the students’ understanding of the area. Although frequently there was no way to ascertain the effects within a short period of time, however, the field work in geography was of greater benefit for the students because of the provision of outdoor experiences, which were better than classroom teaching.

Furthermore, from the results of the field work in geography class questionnaire, we discovered the following:

1. Students were in favor of the field work teaching results, especially with the effectiveness of increasing their knowledge of the natural environment.

2. The students were able to experience for themselves the items that were being taught, which is the most effective form of learning.

3. By becoming more aware and experiencing nature for their own due to the content of the design the students were more motivated towards studying, which is a positive result.

4. Hu-tou Mountain was a popular area for the students, and strengthened their knowledge and identification with the day-to-day social environment. This even had beneficial affects on the students’ class work, which was observed and discussed with higher quality.

This paper uses the viewpoint table to develop a field work teaching database, which has been surveyed and analyzed to include many items of education. Therefore, we have been able to reach a teaching model through observing the current situation, main points and time. This teaching database is able to provide related research for schools in neighbouring villages and towns with field work practical referencing facilities.