臺日高中生食農教育認知對其早餐選擇行為之研究

Abstract

台灣當前的食農教育推廣在高中階段尚未完備，而即將成年的高中階段青少年正處於飲食價值觀發展與建立的關鍵時期，若要提升國人對食農教育相關的意識及正確健康的飲食習慣，高中將會是極為重要的階段。相較之下，日本已實行食農教育及相關活動多年，則台灣高中生和日本高中生之間，對食農教育相關重要議題的認知會有何不同？此外，他們對食農教育的認知及觀點將影響他們的早餐選擇行為。

本研究主要目的在探討食農教育認知情形對台灣和日本高中生早餐選擇行為的影響。為了調查台日高中生對食農教育的認知及其早餐選擇行為，本研究採量化研究方法，使用自編問卷為研究工具，問卷內容中包含受試者背景資料、食農教育認知觀點及早餐選擇因素之變量。問卷隨機發放給台灣台北市和嘉義市；以及日本東京都和鹿兒島縣的高中1至3年級學生施測。總計回收有效樣本數為2,156份，並運用SPSS統計軟體對數據進行分析。

本研究結果發現台灣和日本高中生對食農教育認知程度表現皆為「良好」。 此外，台日大多數的學生皆有吃早餐的習慣。台灣高中生早餐無論是家中準備或自行外食，內容皆以「麵食」為主。而日本高中生家中準備之早餐則以「米食」為主，自行外食則以「麵食」為主。此外台日高中生對食農教育認知程度與早餐習慣（有吃早餐、欠食）相關，而與早餐選擇的形式（米、麵食）無顯著相關。 The Food and Agriculture Education is still insufficient in senior high schools in Taiwan, Although the students are experiencing a critical period of values development. It is important to improve people’s awareness of Food and Agriculture Education so that the adolescents can develop more healthy eating habits. In contrast, the Food and Agriculture Education and related activities have been carried out in Japan for a long time. What are the differences on cognition of food and agriculture important issues between the high school students in Taiwan and Japan? In addition, weather their cognition and perspectives of food and agriculture will affect their breakfast behavior.

Hence, this study is aimed to examine the influence of Food and Agriculture Education on the breakfast choice of senior high school students in Taiwan and Japan. In order to investigate their cognition on Food and Agriculture Education and their breakfast choice, the questionnaire where consists of the variables of the participant’s background, perspectives of food and agriculture, and the breakfast choice factors was used. The questionnaires were randomly distributed to the 1 and 3 graders (senior high schools) in Taipei and Chiayi of Taiwan, and Tokyo, Kagoshima of Japan. Finally, 2,156 valid questionnaires were collected in total and the data were analyzed by statistics software SPSS.

The results indicated that the senior high school students in Taiwan and Japan both have fair scores for the cognition on Food and Agriculture Education. In addition, most of the students have the habits of eating breakfast. No matter homemade or eat-out, wheaten food is the main ingredient of Taiwanese senior high school students’ breakfast. In terms of Japanese students, the homemade breakfast mainly contains rice and the eat-out breakfast always consists of wheat products. Furthermore, it is interesting to find that their cognitions on Food and Agriculture Education are correlated with their breakfast eating habits significantly; but do not correlate with their breakfast contents.