樂齡學習者靈性生活策略與靈性健康之探究

Abstract

本研究旨探討樂齡學習者的靈性生活策略與其自我感知靈性健康之間的相關性，分析不同個人背景（如性別、教育程度、自覺健康狀況、居住情況等）對靈性生活策略運用的影響，並了解不同背景變項下樂齡學習者的靈性健康狀況，同時，深入探討靈性生活策略與自覺靈性健康的相互關係。本研究對象為全台灣55歲以上之樂齡學習者，採用問卷調查法進行資料收集，研究工具包含個人基本資料、靈性生活策略問卷及自覺靈性健康問卷等三部份，正式問卷回收700份樣本，最終以695份進行統計分析。研究發現樂齡學習者在靈性生活策略的運用呈現中上的程度，且不同背景變項的樂齡學習者在靈性生活策略的各層面運用上有顯著差異。在「人與大自然連結」層面，不同年齡者有顯著影響；在「人與他人」層面，不同居住情況與婚姻狀況也呈現顯著差異。在自覺靈性健康方面，樂齡學習者多數經常感受到靈性健康，不同背景變項的樂齡學習者之間在自覺靈性健康各層面也存在顯著差異。不同年齡者在「自我肯定」層面有顯著影響，而不同居住情況和婚姻情形，在自覺靈性健康上没有顯著差異。至於靈性生活策略的各層面與自覺靈性健康的各個維度間都存在高度顯著的正相關。依據研究結綸提出，靈性健康不僅可以學習，且通過持續實踐，能夠達到身心靈的平衡與和諧。建議樂齡學習者健康活動的規劃可以結合大自然中的活動，如戶外運動、森林療法、自然冥想、園藝治療等。同時，在規劃樂齡學習者的靈性健康促進計畫中，應考慮整合多樣化的靈性生活策略，提供樂齡學習者更多機會參與多元的靈性生活體驗，如冥想、宗教活動、與自然互動、以及社會支持等。This study aims to explore the correlation between spiritual life strategies and self-perceived spiritual health among elderly learners, analyze the influence of different personal backgrounds (such as gender, education level, perceived health status, living situation, etc.) on the use of spiritual life strategies, and understand the spiritual health status of elderly learners with different background variables. At the same time, this study delves into the mutual relationship between spiritual life strategies and self-perceived spiritual health among elderly learners. The study participants were elderly learners aged 55 and above from all over Taiwan. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey, with research tools including personal basic information, a spiritual life strategies questionnaire, and a self-perceived spiritual health questionnaire. A total of 700 questionnaires were collected, and 695 were used for statistical analysis.The study found that elderly learners exhibited a moderate to high level of utilization of spiritual life strategies, with significant differences in the utilization of various aspects of spiritual life strategies among elderly learners with different background variables. In terms of"connection with nature," different age groups had a significant impact, while in terms of "connection with others," differences were observed based on living situation and marital status. In terms of self-perceived spiritual health, most elderly learners frequently experienced spiritual health, with significant differences in various aspects of self-perceived spiritual health among elderly learners with different background variables. Different age groups had a significant impact on the "self-affirmation" aspect, while differences were not significant based on living situation and marital status. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the various aspects of spiritual life strategies and the dimensions of self-perceived spiritual health. Based on the study findings, it is suggested that spiritual health can be learned and achieved through continuous practice, leading to balance and harmony of body, mind, and spirit. It is recommended that the planning of health activities for elderly learners incorporate activities in nature, such as outdoor sports, forest therapy, natural meditation, and horticultural therapy. Additionally, in planning programs to promote spiritual health among elderly learners, it is important to consider integrating a diverse range of spiritual life strategies, providing more opportunities for elderly learners to engage in various spiritual experiences such as meditation, religious activities, nature interaction, and social support.