以西方國家學習者為對象之身心健康華語教材之編寫設計研究

Abstract

隨著全球化的持續推進，臺灣高等教育朝向國際化的發展趨勢愈加明顯，吸引了越來越多的外籍學生來臺學習華語。然而，起於身心健康華語，目前市面上常用的華語教材雖在詞彙與表達層面涉及部分健康主題，卻普遍缺乏對「身心健康」議題的深入關注。尤其是對文化背景與臺灣差異較大的西方學生而言，其在適應過程中經常面臨語言障礙、文化衝擊與心理壓力等挑戰，而相關教材與研究多以東南亞學生為主，對西方學習者的需求關注相對有限。本研究以國立臺灣師範大學的西方國家華語學習者為樣本進行分析，透過教材分析、問卷調查與深度訪談等方式，探討現行教材在身心健康相關內容之呈現狀況，並調查學習者對該類教材的需求與建議。研究目的在於發展一套具文化敏感性與實用性的華語教材，使學生能在語言學習過程中提升其身心調適與文化融合的能力。研究結果顯示，目前主流教材對身心健康議題的涵蓋有限，無法充分回應外籍生的實際需求。西方國家學生普遍希望教材中能增加與情緒表達、壓力因應及文化適應相關的內容。專家與學習者亦認為本研究所設計之教材具有實用性與進一步發展的潛力，能有效提升學習者的語言表達能力與心理調適能力。本教材之設計以學習者為中心，結合真實情境與任務導向教學法，並融入基本身心健康知識，旨在協助學生在語言學習的同時，培養應對生活與學習挑戰所需的心理素養與跨文化理解能力。With the continued advancement of globalization, internationalization has become a significant trend in Taiwan's higher education system, attracting an increasing number of international students—particularly from Western countries—to study Mandarin. However, while commonly used Mandarin teaching materials include some vocabulary and expressions related to health, they generally lack in-depth discussion of issues concerning physical and mental well-being. This gap becomes especially evident for learners from Western cultural backgrounds, who often face challenges such as language barriers, cultural shock, and psychological stress during their adaptation to life and study in Taiwan. Moreover, most existing teaching materials and related research focus on students from Southeast Asia, with comparatively little attention paid to the specific needs of Western learners.This study takes Western Mandarin learners at National Taiwan Normal University as its sample. Through textbook analysis, questionnaires, and in-depth interviews, it explores how current teaching materials present topics related to mental and physical well-being, and investigates learners’ needs and suggestions regarding such content. The goal is to develop a culturally sensitive and practical teaching material that not only supports language acquisition but also fosters students’ psychological adjustment and intercultural integration.Findings reveal that regular chinese textbooks provide limited coverage of mental health topics and do not sufficiently meet the practical needs of foreign learners. Many Western students expressed a desire for materials that better address emotional expression or stress coping. Both experts and learners agree that the newly developed materials in this study offer practical value and developmental potential, enhancing learners' language proficiency as well as their psychological resilience. Besides that, this learner-centered textbook integrates real-life contexts, task-based teaching strategies, and foundational knowledge of mental well-being. It aims to equip students with the psychological and intercultural competencies needed to navigate the challenges of studying and living abroad while learning chinese effectively.