有無規律步行運動老年人身體活動量與睡眠品質之比較研究

Abstract

目的：本研究採橫斷式研究方法，比較有無規律步行運動對老年人身體活動量與睡眠品質之差異，並考驗「三日身體活動回憶記錄表」(3-d PAR)與「三軸向身體活動量測量器」(RT3 Tri-axial；RT3)所得身體活動量之相關性，且探討RT3與匹茲堡睡眠品質量表(PSQI)之相關。方法：本研究徵招66位老年人(年齡65歲以上)並分為規律步行組(n=34)和控制組(n=32)，規律步行定義為每週三次、每次30分鐘以上中等強度、並持續六個月以上之步行。身體活動量以3-d PAR與RT3量測、睡眠品質以匹茲堡睡眠品質量表為調查工具。所有資料以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定與皮爾遜績差相關進行分析。結果：以RT3測得之規律步行組的身體活動量(29.25 kcal/kg/day)顯著高於無規律步行組(26.95 kcal/kg/day)(p< .05)，以3-d PAR測量之規律步行組的身體活動量(42.87 kcal/kg/day)顯著高於無規律步行組老年人(35.31 kcal/kg/day)(p< .05)。3-d PAR與RT3所測得之身體活動量呈顯著正相關(r=.486, p< .05)，且3-d PAR結果顯著高於「RT3 Tri-axial」(p< .05)；老年人睡眠品質平均得分為8.05分，而規律步行組的睡眠品質(PSQI=4.18)顯著優於無規律步行組(PSQI=12.16)(p< .05)；另外，RT3之身體活動量與睡眠品質總分呈顯著負相關(r=-.354, p< .01)，睡眠品質總分與睡眠品質各構成要素則呈顯著正相關(p< .01)。結論：本研究結果顯示規律步行之老年人具有較佳的身體活動量和睡眠品質；而3-d PAR與RT3所測得之身體活動量具高度相關，但3-d PAR有高估身體活動量的現象。Purposes: This study compared the difference of physical activity (PA) and sleep quality (SQ) between the elderly with and without regular walking using cross-sectional design and verified the correlations of PA measurements between three-day physical activity recall (3-d PAR) and Tri-axial accelerometer (RT3) as well as the correlation between RT3 and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). Methods: Sixty-six elderly (aged ≧65) were recruited and assigned to two groups including regular walking (RWE)(n=34) and sedentary (SG)(n=32). Regular walking defined as walking with moderate intensity, 3 days per week, more than 30 minute per day and continuously at least for 6 months. PA was assessed by 3-d PAR and RT3, and the PSQI was used to measure SQ. The collected data were analyzed by describing statistics, independent sample t test and Pearson’s product-moment correlation. Results: Significantly high RT3 PA level was noted in RWE (29.25 kcal/kg/day) comparing to SG (26.95 kcal/kg/day) (p< .05). Also, significantly high 3-d PAR PA level was noted in RWE (42.87 kcal/kg/day) comparing to SG (35.31 kcal/kg/day) (p< .05). Significant correlation was noted between 3-d PAR and RT3 PA (r=.486, p<.05), while the PA values from 3-d PAR were significantly higher than RT3. The average scores of PSQI of elders were 8.05 and RWE (PSQI=4.18) had significantly high SQ than SG (PSQI=12.16) (p< .05). The RT3 PA is negatively correlated to sleep quality (r=-.354, p<.05). The score of overall sleep quality was positively correlated to each component of sleep quality (p<.05). Conclusion: the research results indicated that the elderly with regular walking had greater PA and better SQ. Besides, PA measurements from 3-d PAR and RT3 had high correlation, and PA was overestimated by using 3-d PAR.