戶外冒險活動對身心障礙子女主要照顧者壓力影響之研究
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2023
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Abstract
本研究旨在探討戶外冒險活動的介入對於身心障礙子女之主要照顧者在壓力上的影響。本研究採用質性研究的半結構深度訪談法，以方便取樣之方式，挑選某集中式特殊教育學校內，有參與本研究設計之戶外冒險活動的未成年中重度障礙者之家庭主要成人照顧者進行訪談，共計五名，並依照壓力的構面分析影響與其中機轉。研究結論如下：一、 本戶外冒險活動協助參與者建構正向的自我概念與效能感，並透過傾聽他人的經驗與態度，增添自身思考與問題解決的廣度。二、 本戶外冒險活動豐富了參與者的人際資源，包含增加開拓人際的機會、創造家長同儕間的情感連結、創造歸屬感，與產生想法的交流互助。三、 本戶外冒險活動助於參與者產生正向的情緒感受，包含「感到安全」、「快樂」、「幸福」、「放下」、「愉快」、「釋放」、「開心」。四、 本戶外冒險活動所產生的具體經驗能成功透過隱喻連結至日常生活中的問題解決能力，包含透過翻船復位經驗學會要引入正確的方式與資源解決問題，以及運用成功攀登高處的經驗確立堅持的處事之道。 依據研究結果，提出幾項建議，提供給未來將以戶外冒險介入作為身心障礙家長紓壓團體之辦理單位，以及相關研究工作者。針對相關辦理團體的建議包含提高身心障礙家庭成員的最大參與度、加強行前的準備，與依照團體與個別成員的狀況擬定減壓目標和順序三項；針對未來研究者則建議可以連續性深度課程作為介入、以量化工具作為研究方法、納入相關身心障礙家庭重要成員與安排目標效益和機轉的優先順序。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an intervention in outdoor adventure activities on the stress of disabilities’ primary caregivers. In this study, I adopted the semi-structured for qualitative research, and selected the main adult caregivers of the families of minors with moderate to severe disabilities who participated in the outdoor adventure activities designed in this study in a centralized special education school in a convenient sampling method. Conducted interviews with a total of five people, and analyzed the impact and its mechanism according to the stress dimension. The research conclusions were as follows:1. This outdoor adventure activity helped participants to construct a positive self-concept and sense of efficacy, and by listening to the experiences and attitudes of others, it expanded the depth of thinking and problem-solving skills.2. This outdoor adventure activity enriched the interpersonal resources of the participants, including increasing opportunities to develop interpersonal relationships, creating emotional connections between peers, creating a sense of belonging, and communicating and helping with ideas.3. This outdoor adventure activity helped participants to generate positive emotional feelings, including"feeling safe", "happy", "felicity", "letting go", "pleasant", "releasing" and "joyful". 4. The specific experience generated by this outdoor adventure could be successfully connected to the problem-solving ability in daily life through metaphors, including learning to introduce the correct methods and resources to solve problems through the experience of capsize and reset, and using the experience of successfully climbing high to establish persistent way of doing things. Based on the research results, several suggestions were put forward for the management units and related researchers who will use outdoor adventure activities as an intervention to relief stress group of disabled parent group in the future. Suggestions for relevant management groups included increasing the maximum participation of family members with disabilities, strengthening pre-trip preparations, and formulating decompression goals and sequences according to the conditions of the group and individual members; for future researchers, it was suggested that a continuous depth of the course serves as an intervention, use a quantitative tool as a research method, incorporates other important family members, and prioritizes target benefits and mechanisms.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an intervention in outdoor adventure activities on the stress of disabilities’ primary caregivers. In this study, I adopted the semi-structured for qualitative research, and selected the main adult caregivers of the families of minors with moderate to severe disabilities who participated in the outdoor adventure activities designed in this study in a centralized special education school in a convenient sampling method. Conducted interviews with a total of five people, and analyzed the impact and its mechanism according to the stress dimension. The research conclusions were as follows:1. This outdoor adventure activity helped participants to construct a positive self-concept and sense of efficacy, and by listening to the experiences and attitudes of others, it expanded the depth of thinking and problem-solving skills.2. This outdoor adventure activity enriched the interpersonal resources of the participants, including increasing opportunities to develop interpersonal relationships, creating emotional connections between peers, creating a sense of belonging, and communicating and helping with ideas.3. This outdoor adventure activity helped participants to generate positive emotional feelings, including"feeling safe", "happy", "felicity", "letting go", "pleasant", "releasing" and "joyful". 4. The specific experience generated by this outdoor adventure could be successfully connected to the problem-solving ability in daily life through metaphors, including learning to introduce the correct methods and resources to solve problems through the experience of capsize and reset, and using the experience of successfully climbing high to establish persistent way of doing things. Based on the research results, several suggestions were put forward for the management units and related researchers who will use outdoor adventure activities as an intervention to relief stress group of disabled parent group in the future. Suggestions for relevant management groups included increasing the maximum participation of family members with disabilities, strengthening pre-trip preparations, and formulating decompression goals and sequences according to the conditions of the group and individual members; for future researchers, it was suggested that a continuous depth of the course serves as an intervention, use a quantitative tool as a research method, incorporates other important family members, and prioritizes target benefits and mechanisms.
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戶外冒險活動, 身心障礙, 主要照顧者, 壓力, outdoor adventure activities, disability, primary caregiver, stress