成年子女生命事件對代間關係之影響
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2011
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Abstract
本研究旨在探討成年子女的生命事件對代間居住安排、經濟奉養與代間接觸之影響，以華人家庭動態資料庫（Panel Study of Family Dynamics，簡稱PSFD）於2004年與2007年面訪之主樣本資料為樣本來源，選取2004年時年齡介於20~50歲、2004年至2007年間至少有一父母健在的成年子女為研究對象，主要之研究發現如下：
一、成年兒子與成年女兒的代間關係有顯著差異：成年兒子較常與父母同住、見面，給父母的經濟奉養也較成年女兒多；成年女兒則較常與父母通電話。
二、成年兒子的生命事件對代間關係有影響：結婚會使成年兒子與父母變成不同住；離婚喪偶會使成年兒子與父母變成同住；父母喪偶後，成年兒子會減少與父母見面之頻率；若成年兒子有新添的子女，則會增加給父母的經濟奉養。
三、成年女兒的生命事件對代間關係有影響：結婚、第一子女出生或失去全職工作都會使成年女兒與父母變成不同住；離婚喪偶會使成年女兒與父母變成同住；成年女兒的工作收入增加，會降低其與父母見面的頻率；成年女兒若失去全職工作，會減少打電話給父母的頻率；若結婚、工作收入減少或父母照顧需求增加，成年女兒會減少給父母的經濟奉養。
四、整體而言，成年子女的代間關係變化主要是受自身的資源與需求影響，較不受父母因素之影響。
The paper investigates the possible effects of adult children’s life events on their intergenerational coresidence, intergenerational economic support, and intergenerational contacts by using selected data from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics respectively in 2004 and 2007. The subjects under investigation were adult children aged from 20-50, with at least one of whose parents is alive. The results indicate the following findings. First, it shows contrasting difference in intergenerational relationship between adult sons and adult daughters. The former mostly live with their parents and meet them more often as well as provide more economic support than the latter, while the latter talk with their parents via telephones more frequently. Second, adult sons’ life events have impacts on the intergenerational relationships. Marriage would lead adult sons to live separately with their parents, while divorce or widowed would make them to live together with their parents. Also, adult sons would reduce the frequency of meeting their widowed parents. But when adult son have children of their own, they would provide more economic support to their parents. Third, adult daughters’ life events have impacts on the intergenerational relationships as well. Marriage, the birth of their first child, and unemployment would lead to the consequence of their living separately with their parents; while divorce or widowed would make them to live with their parents. In addition, with the rise of their salary, adult daughters’ would decrease the chances to meet their parents. And if they lost their jobs, the frequency of calling their parents would drop. Moreover, if adult daughters got married, or if their income were deduced, or the need of taking care of their parents were increased, they would cut down the economic support for their parents. In conclusion, the change of the adult children’s intergenerational relations are mainly resulted from their own resources and needs, not from the factors of their parents.
The paper investigates the possible effects of adult children’s life events on their intergenerational coresidence, intergenerational economic support, and intergenerational contacts by using selected data from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics respectively in 2004 and 2007. The subjects under investigation were adult children aged from 20-50, with at least one of whose parents is alive. The results indicate the following findings. First, it shows contrasting difference in intergenerational relationship between adult sons and adult daughters. The former mostly live with their parents and meet them more often as well as provide more economic support than the latter, while the latter talk with their parents via telephones more frequently. Second, adult sons’ life events have impacts on the intergenerational relationships. Marriage would lead adult sons to live separately with their parents, while divorce or widowed would make them to live together with their parents. Also, adult sons would reduce the frequency of meeting their widowed parents. But when adult son have children of their own, they would provide more economic support to their parents. Third, adult daughters’ life events have impacts on the intergenerational relationships as well. Marriage, the birth of their first child, and unemployment would lead to the consequence of their living separately with their parents; while divorce or widowed would make them to live with their parents. In addition, with the rise of their salary, adult daughters’ would decrease the chances to meet their parents. And if they lost their jobs, the frequency of calling their parents would drop. Moreover, if adult daughters got married, or if their income were deduced, or the need of taking care of their parents were increased, they would cut down the economic support for their parents. In conclusion, the change of the adult children’s intergenerational relations are mainly resulted from their own resources and needs, not from the factors of their parents.
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代間關係, 生命事件, 生命歷程理論, 成年子女, intergenerational relations, life event, Life course theory, adult children