我國半導體晶圓製造產業專利佈局之研究
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2012
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知識經濟發展至今，已逐漸地將智慧資產管理與智慧資本結合。伴隨著科技不斷的進步，半導體製程技術由微米等級不斷的進步到奈米的層級。因為取得關鍵技術和建立研發能力是相當重要的，而在科技導向的企業中，如何管理並有效地表現無形資產的價值更為重要。臺灣晶圓代工在國際上佔有相當重要的地位，在技術、產品開發、管理能力及專利方面都有傑出的表現深得國際大廠信賴。
本論文主要目的是了解我國半導體晶圓製造產業在專利佈局的要素、方法、模式與策略，以我國半導體晶圓製造企業為對象，藉由訪談A、B、C公司，討論此三家公司之專利佈局之要素、方法、模式與策略。最後針對我國半導體晶圓製造產業之專利佈局提出建議。
本研究結論分為以下四點：1.關於專利佈局之要素：專利佈局在企業策略上是必要的，而在專利申請的時候是先求數量再求質量；影響因素是競爭者、企業的規劃、先進技術的發展、技術發展的關係、客戶以及預算；而在佈局時需考慮專利的數量、申請的時間、半導體多樣化的特性，以及科技與市場的取向；2.關於專利佈局之方法：共可分為技術佈局、空間佈局、時間佈局。而半導體晶圓製造產業是以技術佈局為主；專利佈局的方向與方法的決定是在申請專利時即同時考慮；3.關於專利佈局的模式：共分為六類：特定的阻隔與迴避設計、策略型專利佈局、地毯式專利佈局、專利圍牆、包繞式專利佈局、組合式專利佈局。以受訪之晶圓廠為例，多是以策略型專利佈局和組合式專利佈局為主；模式的選擇是取決於產品型態、產品種類或是終端市場需求，也是取決於公司的研發的能力，所以佈局會因應公司的研發的角色而有所不同；4.關於專利佈局的策略：臺灣的公司大部分是屬於防禦的角色。而考慮產業鏈上下游的共同佈局，需要考慮產業別、公司型態、需求以及能力；臺灣在專利佈局的策略目前多是採自行技術研發，而全球常用策略聯盟的方式。
本研究建議分為以下四點：1. 強化工研院角色，專利共同開發且建立共享的平台；2.企業設置前瞻案工作中心，強化專利連結創造獲利；3.政府設置產業研究機構，輔導產業鏈上下游資源整合；4.本研究著重在晶圓製造領域進行水平研究，建議未來可進行垂直研究。
Development of knowledge-based economy so far has been the gradual combination of intellectual asset management and intellectual capital. Along with technology advances, continuous advances in semiconductor process technology from the micron to the nanometer level. Because access to key technologies and the establishment of R& D capability is very important in science and technology-oriented enterprises, how to manage and effective performance of the value of intangible assets is more important. Taiwan foundry occupies an important position in the international arena, outstanding performance in technology, product development, management capabilities and patents have won international companies trust. The purpose of this paper is to understand Taiwan's semiconductor wafer fabrication industry in the patent layout elements, patterns and strategies to the semiconductor wafer manufacturing enterprises in Taiwan for the object, through interviews with A, B, C, to discuss the three companies of patent the layout of the elements, methods, models and strategies. Finally, the patent portfolio of semiconductor wafer fabrication industry recommendations. Conclusions of this study is divided into the following four points: 1. elements of the patent portfolio: patent portfolio in the corporate strategy is necessary, when the patent application is first seeking the number for the quality; factors affecting competitors, business planning advanced technology development, technology development, customer, and budget; need to consider the number of patents in the layout, time of applications, a variety of semiconductor properties, as well as technological and market orientation; 2. methods of the patent portfolio: It can be divided into the technical layout, space layout, time layout. Semiconductor wafer fabrication industry is dominated by technical layout; the direction of the patent layout and methods of decision in patent applications, taking into account; 3. models of the patent layout :It can be divided into six categories: specific block design around , patent portfolio strategy, carpet patent strategy, patent fence, surrounding the patent portfolio, combined patent layout. For example, is a multi-strategy patent layout and combined patent portfolio-based fab surveyed; mode is selected depends on the product type, product type or end-market demand, but also depends on the company's R& D and layout according to the company's R & D role is different; 4. Strategy of the patents layout: most of the Taiwanese companies belonging to the defense role. Consider the common layout of the chain, need to consider industries, company types, demand and capacity; Taiwan patent portfolio strategy is more to adopt their own technology research and development, global common strategy alliances. In this study, recommendations are divided into the following four points: 1. strengthening the ITRI role, patent jointly develop and establish a shared platform; 2.Enterprise set the center of the forward-looking case, and strengthen the patent link to create a profit; 3.Government set up industrial research institutions, counseling industry chain upstream and downstream integration of resources; 4.This research focuses on the level of research in the field of wafer fabrication, it is recommended that future vertical research.
Development of knowledge-based economy so far has been the gradual combination of intellectual asset management and intellectual capital. Along with technology advances, continuous advances in semiconductor process technology from the micron to the nanometer level. Because access to key technologies and the establishment of R& D capability is very important in science and technology-oriented enterprises, how to manage and effective performance of the value of intangible assets is more important. Taiwan foundry occupies an important position in the international arena, outstanding performance in technology, product development, management capabilities and patents have won international companies trust. The purpose of this paper is to understand Taiwan's semiconductor wafer fabrication industry in the patent layout elements, patterns and strategies to the semiconductor wafer manufacturing enterprises in Taiwan for the object, through interviews with A, B, C, to discuss the three companies of patent the layout of the elements, methods, models and strategies. Finally, the patent portfolio of semiconductor wafer fabrication industry recommendations. Conclusions of this study is divided into the following four points: 1. elements of the patent portfolio: patent portfolio in the corporate strategy is necessary, when the patent application is first seeking the number for the quality; factors affecting competitors, business planning advanced technology development, technology development, customer, and budget; need to consider the number of patents in the layout, time of applications, a variety of semiconductor properties, as well as technological and market orientation; 2. methods of the patent portfolio: It can be divided into the technical layout, space layout, time layout. Semiconductor wafer fabrication industry is dominated by technical layout; the direction of the patent layout and methods of decision in patent applications, taking into account; 3. models of the patent layout :It can be divided into six categories: specific block design around , patent portfolio strategy, carpet patent strategy, patent fence, surrounding the patent portfolio, combined patent layout. For example, is a multi-strategy patent layout and combined patent portfolio-based fab surveyed; mode is selected depends on the product type, product type or end-market demand, but also depends on the company's R& D and layout according to the company's R & D role is different; 4. Strategy of the patents layout: most of the Taiwanese companies belonging to the defense role. Consider the common layout of the chain, need to consider industries, company types, demand and capacity; Taiwan patent portfolio strategy is more to adopt their own technology research and development, global common strategy alliances. In this study, recommendations are divided into the following four points: 1. strengthening the ITRI role, patent jointly develop and establish a shared platform; 2.Enterprise set the center of the forward-looking case, and strengthen the patent link to create a profit; 3.Government set up industrial research institutions, counseling industry chain upstream and downstream integration of resources; 4.This research focuses on the level of research in the field of wafer fabrication, it is recommended that future vertical research.
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半導體晶圓製造產業, 專利佈局, semiconductor wafer manufacturing industry, patent deployment