社教志工實踐品德教育之仁愛思想與利他精神—崇德文教基金會個案研究

Abstract

本研究針對崇德文教基金會進行個案研究，研究目的是探討社教志工從事品德教育的仁愛思想與個人道德實踐歷程，以及志工團隊文化形塑歷程。以了解社教志工參與及長期投入的原因；仁愛思想的學習與運用；從事品德教育的反思與省悟；以及品德修練與利他行為的關聯性。 本研究採用質性研究設計，運用觀察法、訪問法與文件分析法。訪問資深志工幹部八位、接受服務的單位代表兩位、合作者與服務對象各一位；並針對社教組志工服務、社區親子讀經班與4Q教育成長課程方案進行分析。依據研究發現，獲得以下之結論 : 崇德文教基金會品德教育方案符合我國古代德育教學觀點；推展品德教育之作法符合教育政策；志工的品德修練以儒家仁愛思想為核心，呈現學、思、修、達的道德實踐歷程。志工團隊的特色為志工幹部是學習者、教學者，也是實踐者，形成一種互助共學、見賢思齊、終身學習的文化；志工幹部皆是終身素食，以落實愛護萬物生命、保護生態環境、減少天災、拯救地球之理想，並增進個人身心靈之健康與成長。志工推展品德教育是一種仁愛思想的發揮，也是利他精神的展現，志工團隊利他行為之影響，包括自然、他人、生物與社會四大層面。 依據研究結論，研究者提出以下建議 : 一、對學術研究的建議 : (一)探討儒家思想的生命關懷或道德實踐的相關主題。 (一)針對生命教育或靈性學習的主題做後續的研究。 二、對非營利組織的建議 : 品德教育內容豐富化、實施方式多元化，教師以身作則的身教就是典範學習，也是品德教育成功的關鍵。The purpose of the study was to probe the benevolent thoughts social education volunteers held when they endeavored in character education. Their personal practice of morality, and the shaping process of voluntary team culture were the main research targets. Another aim was to understand the reasons and motivations behind the social education volunteers’ long-term engagement and commitment. How they cultivated the thoughts of benevolence and reflected upon their practice of moral education were the focus. Finally, the relevance between moral cultivation and altruistic behaviors was further examined. The researcher adopted qualitative research methods, including observation, interview and document analysis in this study. She interviewed eight senior voluntary workers, two representatives from the organizations with which they collaborated. The researcher also analyzed the service of social education volunteers, the process and progress of the participants’ classics-reading in the community, and the 4Q Education Program. The results of the study revealed that: The programs of moral education provided by Chong-De Culture and Education Foundation embody the core values of character education in Chinese culture. The methods and approaches they adopted to promote moral education are resonant with the current educational policies. Furthermore, moral cultivation among the voluntary workers manifest morality practice based on Confucian benevolence thoughts. In summary, the senior voluntary workers are not only learners, educators, but also practitioners, leading to a culture of collaborative, reciprocal, and lifelong learning. Meanwhile, the voluntary team’s altruistic behaviors include respect and caring for the Nature, human beings, animals, and the society. The study also suggests that: For future academic research, the issues of life care and moral practices in Confucianism should be further studied and discussed. For Non-Profit organizations, the practices of moral education should be expanded and diversified. It is vital that teachers practice what they preach and set a good example for learners, which is critical to success of moral education.