完全中學學生健康生活型態相關因素之探討—以臺北市某私立完全中學為例

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2011

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本研究目的主要在了解臺北市某私立完全中學學生之健康生活型態(飲食習慣、運動與休閒行為、吸菸與飲酒行為、心理壓力調適),並探討其相關因素,以作為擬定教學計畫及學生健康促進之參考。本研究採問卷調查方式,以九十九學年度第二學期臺北市某私立完全中學學生為母群體,經隨機抽樣,有效問卷為546 份,有效回收率為94.1%。 研究結果如下: 一、研究對象的飲食習慣方面以:每天吃五穀根莖類食物、每天吃含蛋白質食物、每天吃早餐,表現較好;而在吃高纖維質的食物、喝含糖飲料 、吃甜食,表現較差需加以改善。運動與休閒行為方面,每週規律運動表現不佳。休閒活動參與的頻率也顯不足且多以從事「娛樂型」休閒活動為主。吸菸與飲酒行為方面,吸菸者第一次接觸時間是在較高年級;飲酒者第一次接觸時間則多數出現時間較早。菸品的主要來源以朋友供應為多;酒品的主要來源以家人給的為多。吸菸與飲酒的主要原因皆是以好奇、想試試為多。心理壓力調適方面,研究對象皆較不會藉由成癮物質、攻擊他人、破壞物品來處理情緒問題。大多數研究對象會找時間來放鬆自己。遇到情緒困擾時約有36.4%會尋求協助。尋求協助的對象以同學、朋友比率最高,而極少數尋求專業輔導人員協助。 二、本研究探討社會人口學變項對健康生活型態的關係,結果發現:似乎女生普遍比男生在各項健康生活型態有較佳表現、年級愈低、學業成就越好、家庭氣氛愈融洽、父母關係愈良好、家庭社經地位愈高、學業成就愈好,其健康生活型態表現愈好。 三、本研究探討社會人口學變項對健康生活型態的預測,結果發現:「性別」、「年級」、「學業成績」能有效預測健康生活型態。
This study investigated the health lifestyle (eating habits, exercise and leisure, alcohol-tobacco behavior, and stress management) of school students for one complete school in Taipei City. The relations between health lifestyle and social-demographic variables were also examined for the reference of designing teaching plan and improving students’ health. Questionnaires were distributed to the students of one private High School in the second semester of the academic year in 2010. After random sampling, there were 546 effective questionnaires. In the aspects of eating habit, students performed better in daily food and root-tuber crops, high-protein diet, and daily breakfast. What needs to be improved was drinking beverage containing sugar, eating sweets and having high-fiber food. As for the exercise and leisure aspect, they do not perform well on forming regular habit for exercising per week. Moreover, the frequency of participation in leisure activities is obviously not sufficient, either. The participants’ major leisure activities were mainly “leisure entertainment. Comparing to other studies, the ratio of alcohol-tobacco behavior had decreased. However, the time of their first contact of alcohol-tobacco for the students became earlier. The main sources of tobacco were primarily from friends, and the major sources of alcohol were mostly from family. The main reason for using tobacco mostly was out of curiosity and the thought of giving it a try. In the stress management aspect, participants in this research do not release their emotions by using addictive substances, attacking others or destroying stuff. Most of the participants would try to spare time for relaxing themselves. Of the participants, 36.4% of them would seek for help when encounter emotional disturbance. The priority for seeking help was mainly schoolmates and then friends. They seldom ask for the assistance of experts or counselors. The relation between health lifestyle social-demographic variables indicated the girls’ performances in every aspect of health lifestyle are commonly better than the boys’. Also, the parenting style is more democratic, the family atmosphere is better, and relationship of mother and father is better as the grade of the students gets lower. Academic performance and health lifestyle are higher when social-economic status gets higher. Finally, it was also indicated that statistically “gender”, “grade”, and the “academic performance” can effectively predict the health lifestyle of the participants.

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完全中學學生, 健康生活型態, 飲食習慣, 運動與休閒行為, 吸菸與飲酒行為, 心理壓力調適, complete school students, health lifestyle, eating habits, exercise and leisure, alcohol-tobacco behavior, stress management

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