社區老年糖尿病自我照顧行為及其相關因素- 以臺北市某行政區為例

Abstract

本論文研究目的在探討臺北市某行政區之老年糖尿病自我照顧行為及其相關因素，研究工具為自我照護知識、態度及行為量表。研究對象以參加社區三高（血壓、血糖、血脂）篩檢之65歲以上長者並且診斷為糖尿病者，以進行面對面問卷訪談收集資料，共得有效樣本267人。主要結果如下： 一、自我照顧知識，總答對率七成八，以併發症預防與處理知識得分最高，其次為飲食控制、再其次為運動、自我監測血糖、分數最低為藥物使用。 二、自我照顧態度，傾向正向。以運動題態度得分最高，其次為藥物使用、再其次自我監測血糖、併發症預防與處理、得分最低為飲食控制。 三、自我照顧行為，傾向正向。以藥物使用行為得分最高，其次為運動、再其次飲食控制、自我監測血糖、得分最低為併發症預防與處理。 四、研究對象之自我照顧知識，因年齡、教育程度、家族史、腰圍、參加糖尿病講座、有無血糖機、罹病期間之不同而有顯著差異。 五、研究對象之自我照顧態度，因性別、年齡、教育程度、家族史、參加糖尿病講座、有無血糖機之不同而有顯著差異。 六、研究對象之自我照顧行為，因年齡、教育程度、家族史、主要經濟、參加糖尿病講座、有無血糖機、規律運動之不同而有顯著差異。 七、研究對象之自我照顧知識、態度與行為三者間有顯著相關，其中以知識與行為的相關性最高，其次為行為與態度，態度與知識最低。顯示糖尿病人自我照顧知識越好，自我照顧態度越正向，自我照顧行為也越佳。 八、影響自我照顧行為的預測因素中，可解釋總變量為45.8％。以規律運動最具解釋力、自我照顧態度次之。This thesis research aims to investigate the Taipei Administrative Region of the elderly diabetes self-care behaviors and related factors, and research tool for self-care to know the knowledge, attitude and behavior scale. Subjects in this study were elderly residents over 65 years old and were screened high in blood pressure, blood sugar, blood cholesterol and diagnosed with diabetes. Questionnaires were colledted through face-to-face interviews. A total 267 effective samples were collected. The main results are as follows: 1.The subjects had an average 78% correct answer in self-care knowledge. Among them, complications prevention and treatment knowledge score were the highest, followed by control diet, exercise, and self-monitoring of blood glucose. The lowest scores was knowledge of drug use. 2.Self-care attitude were positive for subjects. The highest score among the self-care attitute was to the attitude to exercise, followed by drug use, self-monitoring of blood sugar, complications prevention and treatment. The lowest score was diet control. 3.Self-care behaviors were positive for subjects. The highest score among the self-care behaviors was drug use behavior, followed by exercise, diet control, self-monitoring of blood sugar. The lowest score was prevention of complications and treatment. 4.Subjects' self-care knowledge had significant difference with subjects’ ages, education level, family history, waistline, experiences of taking diabetes lectures, experiences of using glucose meter, and duration of diabetes. 5.Subjects' self-care attitude, had significant difference with subjects’ gender, age, education level, family history, experiences of taking diabetes lectures, and experiences of using glucose meter. 6.Subjects' self-care behavior, had significant difference with subjects’ age, educational attainment, family history, main income source, experiences of taking diabetes lectures, experiences of using glucose meter and regular exercise. 7.There were significant coorelations between subjects' self-care knowledge, attitudes and behavior. Among the three, knowledge and behavior had the highest correlation, followed by behavior and attitudes. Attitudes and knowledge had the lowest correlation. The better the subjects’self-care knowkedge, the better their self-care attitute, and self-care behavior. 8.The prediction factors could significantly predict self-care behavior by an explaination power of 45.8%.