Tumpu Daingaz:一個台灣原住民族布農族的抵抗空間
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2005
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
本文主要探討一個台灣布農族部落的抵抗空間性之形成脈絡,筆者藉由文獻爬梳、參與觀察與深度訪談等研究方法,鋪陳傳統布農族社會文化織理,並分析抗爭行動者的運動歷程,藉以了解抗爭行動者如何運用抵抗策略、makavas(抗爭/出草)文化,建構一個布農族部落的抵抗空間。
Tumpu Daingaz抵抗空間的建構過程,本文發現Tumpu Daingaz族人與玉山國家公園的關係,隱含布農族對於人的文化觀念:一種能力強者應照顧、保護弱勢者,雙方hanidu(精靈)力量的直接競爭對抗,界定彼此的不平等的權力關係,透過交換(如物質或資源的提供)的方式所建立。惟受到不合理的法律限制與干擾,且內部的集體行動的困境之下,促使Tumpu Daingaz抗爭行動者向外結合異質行動者,藉由宣稱領域方式與實際工作,翻轉原先的不平等關係。同時,我們發現Tumpu Daingaz抗爭行動者認知與國家公園的關係,不單是以能力來界定彼此之間的施予關係,而是以在地住民的自決意識重新界定原住民族與國家公園的主客體關係。
在Tumpu Daingaz抵抗空間的建構過程,本文發現台灣原住民族運動的轉向端倪。原住民族部落工作隊在重點據點:Tumpu Daingaz等原住民部落,創造另類的文化政治形式,不僅在原鄉地區與基督長老教會正面迎擊,試圖取代其長期為原住民族代言角色。兩千年政黨輪替後,台灣原住民族成為國家領導人建構新台灣人內涵的重要夥伴,甚至提出「國與國關係」,惟此企圖正由左翼色彩的部落工作隊結合國會議員的政治資源與其媒體能見度,抵抗新台灣人的國族運動。同時,以原住民族自治的戰鬥方式、挪用新夥伴關係,對抗福佬沙文主義、政經組織,訴求原住民族自治,其施力點正是在Tumpu Daingaz。
傳統布農族人認為對於獵場的侵占或保護,乃必須透過「結合有血緣與地緣關係的群體」,進入現代社會之後,makavas反而以具組織性與議題性,且其關切面向更緊扣著群體生命,乃至獵場延伸的生存、生活、生產空間。並且與不同地域、不同族群,但有某種共識的外來行動者之「結盟」,將出草的參與成員的地域限制,擴張為具共同目標的跨地域合作,其抗爭對象由地域的對象,轉換不同空間尺度的外來者與國家殖民者,呈現為受壓迫者對壓迫者的反抗。
最後,回到Tumpu Daingaz族人反省抗爭及與外來行動者的結合,主要因為布農族與聚落內部的集體行動困境,反倒是強化外來行動者進入Tumpu Daingaz的正當性,在長期結盟關係之下,卻可能形成Tumpu Daingaz抗爭行動者與外來行動者的不平等關係,因此,Tumpu Daingaz抗爭的運動性質是交層於抵抗與屈從的權力關係。
This thesis mainly discusses the formation context of a resistance space of Bunun aborigines of Taiwan, by documents, participate observation and depth interview etc. research approaches. And then we sketch the traditional social culture context, and analyze the movement process of resistant actors, so we can understand how resistant actors use resisting tactics, and tradition ways to build and construct a resistance space of Bunun aborigines of Taiwan. The constructing process of resistance space of Tumpu Daingaz, this thesis finds the relation with national park of Yushan and Tumpu Daingaz that imply Bunun of concept. They think someone owns more ability that he should look after and protects the person who is weak. It was defined the mutual unequal power relation, through exchanging (the way that offer the material or resources). But, Tumpu Daingaz people not only are limited and interfered by the unreasonable laws, they also face the collective action fault that impels Tumpu Daingaz resistant actors combine with heterogeneous actors from outsider, and even together with an aborigine’s legislative committee member. Tumpu Daingaz resistant actors through working in their traditional territory they claim, and articulate one aborigine’s legislative committee member, who exert her political pressure, turn over their (national park of Yushan and Tumpu Daingaz) inequality relation former. From the process of resistance actors combine with heterogeneous actors from outsider, this thesis finds that the transformation clue of aborigines’ movement in Taiwan. For example, the aboriginal working team operates in Tumpu Daingaz and other aboriginal tribes. They create an alternative culture political form. They not only meet Taiwan Christ Presbyterian in aboriginal area, but also attempt to replace it. At the same time, the team claims Aborigines self-determination and use the new partnership, opposing the Holo chauvinism and organizations of political economy, its point of application is just in Tumpu Daingaz.
This thesis mainly discusses the formation context of a resistance space of Bunun aborigines of Taiwan, by documents, participate observation and depth interview etc. research approaches. And then we sketch the traditional social culture context, and analyze the movement process of resistant actors, so we can understand how resistant actors use resisting tactics, and tradition ways to build and construct a resistance space of Bunun aborigines of Taiwan. The constructing process of resistance space of Tumpu Daingaz, this thesis finds the relation with national park of Yushan and Tumpu Daingaz that imply Bunun of concept. They think someone owns more ability that he should look after and protects the person who is weak. It was defined the mutual unequal power relation, through exchanging (the way that offer the material or resources). But, Tumpu Daingaz people not only are limited and interfered by the unreasonable laws, they also face the collective action fault that impels Tumpu Daingaz resistant actors combine with heterogeneous actors from outsider, and even together with an aborigine’s legislative committee member. Tumpu Daingaz resistant actors through working in their traditional territory they claim, and articulate one aborigine’s legislative committee member, who exert her political pressure, turn over their (national park of Yushan and Tumpu Daingaz) inequality relation former. From the process of resistance actors combine with heterogeneous actors from outsider, this thesis finds that the transformation clue of aborigines’ movement in Taiwan. For example, the aboriginal working team operates in Tumpu Daingaz and other aboriginal tribes. They create an alternative culture political form. They not only meet Taiwan Christ Presbyterian in aboriginal area, but also attempt to replace it. At the same time, the team claims Aborigines self-determination and use the new partnership, opposing the Holo chauvinism and organizations of political economy, its point of application is just in Tumpu Daingaz.
Description
Keywords
抵抗, 族群運動, 原住民族, 傳統領域, resistance, ethnic movement, aborigines, traditional territory