我國「軍事準則」專門圖書之應用疑義與影響研究

Abstract

我國「軍事準則」與軍事作戰密切相關，「軍事作戰資訊」依據《軍事機密與國防秘密種類範圍等級劃分準則》之定義，亦與軍事機密息息相關，涉及知悉、持有或使用等權限，法律規定之灰色地帶，包含於《國家機密保護法》定義之國家安全資訊範圍，2003年國家安全資訊法規保護政策，在人民知的權利主張背景下修法後，大幅限縮分類保密範圍、保密期限與軍事機密之保密時機，2006年資訊公開更超越行政資訊範圍，使用亦不受限制，國家安全問題逐漸浮現，甚有民意機關及長期之軍事觀察者，咸認國軍的保密素養有待加強，更有學者撰文主張另闢新法，以保障國家安全敏感領域。基此，本研究以我國「軍事準則」專門圖書為研究途徑，研究對象則參考2017年國發會推動之「法規政策影響評估」政策指導中，有關「主要利害關係者－軍事準則之特定使用者」，針對國家安全資訊法規政策深度訪談。 研究結果發現，按現行非機密資訊之定義，非機密「軍事準則」亦具有情報價值，敏感資訊洩漏後影響程度，遠大於單一機密洩漏，我國資訊保護法規政策，為達監督行政機關之目的，以人民包裹知的權利，以國家機密包裹「軍事機密」，以簡化的分類與分級理論，層層稀釋國家安全危機意識，2003年在價值認知紊亂情況下，形成具體之法律文件缺乏評估，法規內部充滿矛盾，不僅制約了軍事安全資訊，洩漏後之評估結果，更嚴重牴觸當前國家平戰一體之防衛政策與國家安全，其隱藏成本難以評估。國家安全資訊的保護或開放應用，涉及人民知的權利與國家安全之整體考量，就「軍事行為」準則之應用場景而言，涉及我防衛作戰之細節，為確保國家安全與利益，相關法規亟待重新評估與修訂。Republic of China’s "military doctrines" are closely related to military operations. The "military operation warfare" information is based on the definition of "classification criteria for military secrets and categories of national defense secrets", which is highly correlated to military secrets. After the revision of “The National Security Information Law and Regulations Protection Policy “ was promulgated in 2003, practicing the law in the context of raising human rights, significantly limited the secrecy of confidentiality, confidentiality period and confidentiality of military secrets. In 2006, information disclosure exceeded the scope of administrative information, the use of right become more unrestricted, national security issues are gradually emerging. The democratic body and works and long-term military observers believe that the military’s concept of confidentiality needs to be strengthened. There are scholars even have written to advocate a new law to protect the sensitive areas of national security. Based on this, this study uses the "military doctrines" related books as the research approach. The research subjects refer to the specific user of military doctrines, whom were affected by the " The National Security Information Law and Regulations Protection Policy ". We conducted the interviews with these users about national security information regulations and policies. The study found that non-confidential "military doctrines" also have intelligence value according to the definition of current non-confidential information. The degree of impact of sensitive information leakage is much greater than a single confidential leak. applied with a simplified classification and grading theory. In order to achieve the purpose of supervising the administrative organizations via executing the Information protection regulations. It gradually reduce the awareness of national security crisis. In 2003, due to the information value cognition disorder, the regulations were full of contradictions. It not only affects military security information, but also exposes the current national defense policy and national security to the public. The hidden costs are hard to estimate. The protection or open application of national security information involves the overall consideration of the rights and national security of the people. In terms of the application scenarios of the "military operations" guidelines, it involves the details of the national defense operations, to ensure national security and interests, and relevant regulations. These regulations and policies need to be re-evaluated and revised in the future.