臺北市人類乳突病毒（HPV）篩檢陽性個案之複診行為及其相關因素

Abstract

本研究旨在探討臺北市人類乳突病毒（HPV）篩檢陽性個案對人類乳突病毒與子宮頸癌的知識、態度、自我效能和複診行為之間的關係。本研究採用橫斷式研究設計，以臺北市101年度36歲至69歲6年以上未接受抹片婦女，在接受公費人類乳突病毒（HPV）篩檢結果為陽性的所有個案為研究母群體，以自編結構式問卷郵寄641份，實得有效問卷255份。研究結果如下： 一、研究對象齡61歲至69歲組知識得分最低，以36歲至40歲組知識最佳、複診行為也較佳。高教育程度、有工作及高家庭平均月收入，與知識呈正相關。 二、研究對象的知識平均正確率74.11%；整體態度及自我效能偏正向；有/無複診行為者的知識有顯著差異，態度與自我效能在有/無複診行為皆無顯著差異。已經接受後續複診者70.2%。 三、研究對象有工作，態度較為正向。家庭平均月收入愈高，自我效能與複診行為也較佳。 四、研究對象知識與態度，知識與複診行為，態度與複診行為，自我效能與複診行為，有顯著相關。 五、研究顯示所有變項對複診行為總解釋力為23.0%；年齡、知識、態度與自我效能為複診行為的主要預測因子；預測力的影響大小依序為「態度」、「知識」、「自我效能」和「年齡」。The present study investigated the relationships among knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and subsequent visit behavior of HPV-positive individuals in Taipei City toward human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer. In the study, a cross-sectional research design was adopted in which all cases of women in Taipei City aged between 36 and 69 who had not had a Pap smear for over 6 years but tested positive for HPV after undergoing government-sponsored HPV screening in 2012 were taken as the research population. 641 copies of a self-developed structured questionnaire were mailed, and 255 valid copies of the questionnaire were returned. The results were as follows: The 61~69 age group of research subjects scored the lowest in knowledge, whereas the 36~40 age group scored the highest in knowledge and also demonstrated a better behavior in regard to subsequent visit. Higher level of education, being employed, and higher average family monthly income were found to be positively related to knowledge. The average knowledge accuracy of research subjects was 74.11%; the overall attitude and self-efficacy of research subjects were slightly positive; there was a significant difference in knowledge between subjects who did and did not return for subsequent visits, however, there was no significant difference in attitude and self-efficacy between subjects who did and did not return for subsequent visits. 70.2% of subjects had already returned for subsequent visits. Employed research subjects demonstrated a more positive attitude. The higher the average family monthly income of the subject, the better was the self-efficacy and subsequent visit behavior of the subject. Significant relationships were demonstrated among knowledge and attitude, knowledge and subsequent visit behavior, attitude and subsequent visit behavior, and self-efficacy and subsequent visit behavior of research subjects. The study showed that the gross explanatory power of all variables on subsequent visit behavior was 23.0%; age, knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy were the primary predictor factors for subsequent visit behavior; the predictive power of “attitude” was the greatest, followed by “knowledge”, then “self-efficacy”, and finally “age”.