三種預防吸菸教學方案實驗效果比較研究--以台北縣某國中一年級學生為對象
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2003
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一、研究目的:本研究比較三種預防吸菸教學方案對國中生的吸菸知識、不吸菸態度、不吸菸行為意向、拒菸自我效能以及吸菸行為的影響。
二、研究方法:本研究為不相等實驗控制組設計,以台北縣汐止鎮青山國中一年級學生為研究對象,並分組進行三種教學方案介入。實驗組一接受教學方案一(菸害資訊教學),實驗組二接受教學方案二(菸害資訊教學+人際社交技巧教學),實驗組三接受教學方案三(菸害資訊教學+人際社交技巧教學+媒體分析教學),校內與校外對照組均不接受任何教學介入。介入前五組均進行前測,在三個月的教學介入結束後進行後測以瞭解教學的立即效果,資料處理部分以卡方分配與單因子共變數分析進行檢定。
三、研究結果:
1、前測結果顯示有吸菸經驗者約佔14.9%,但無人吸菸總量超過一百枝;有吸菸經驗者三分之二目前不吸菸,三分之一為偶而吸菸。
2、曾吸菸的研究對象第一次吸菸時間以小學六年級最多,約佔36.9%;半數第一次吸菸地點是自己家中,多在無聊、心情煩悶、壓力大時吸菸。
3、預防吸菸教學確實能顯著地增進實驗組學生的吸菸知識,實驗組一、實驗組二與實驗組三知識後測得分均顯著優於校內與校外對照組。
4、各組研究對象在不吸菸態度後測得分中,實驗組三顯著優於校外對照組,校內對照組顯著優於校外對照組。
5、各組研究對象在不吸菸行為意向後測得分中,僅實驗組三顯著優於校外對照組。
6、各組研究對象在拒菸自我效能後測得分中,實驗組三顯著優於實驗組一、實驗組二以及校外對照組。
7、各組研究對象在吸菸行為改變部分,由於吸菸行為改變人數過少,因此無法達到統計上的意義。
四、研究結論:本研究已證實預防吸菸教學對國中生的吸菸知識、不吸菸態度、行為意向與自我效能有正向效果。在整體教學方案效果比較方面,方案三的介入效果最為顯著,比接受方案一或方案二的教學效果較好,因此可推論綜合性的教學最能發揮教學效果。
OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three smoking prevention programs for 7th grade students in junior high school. METHODS:A controlled trial was conducted in five classes(n=166)in northern Taiwan. Two classes received no intervention (controls), group A received prevention program A(information approach only), group B received prevention program B(information + psychosocial approach)and group C received prevention program C(information + psychosocial + media analysis approach). One way analysis of covariate was used to estimate the independent effects of the different prevention programs on smoking knowledge、attitude、behavior intention and self-efficacy of refusing peer pressure. RESULTS:The knowledge scores in posttest of three experimental groups were significantly higher than two control groups. The attitude and behavior intention scores in posttest of Group C were significantly higher than one control group, self-efficacy of refusing peer pressure were significantly higher than group A、group B and one control group. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrated that information approach could improve students’ smoking knowledge and program C will be the most effective smoking prevention program. A comprehensive anti-tobacco program is recommended for junior high students.
OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three smoking prevention programs for 7th grade students in junior high school. METHODS:A controlled trial was conducted in five classes(n=166)in northern Taiwan. Two classes received no intervention (controls), group A received prevention program A(information approach only), group B received prevention program B(information + psychosocial approach)and group C received prevention program C(information + psychosocial + media analysis approach). One way analysis of covariate was used to estimate the independent effects of the different prevention programs on smoking knowledge、attitude、behavior intention and self-efficacy of refusing peer pressure. RESULTS:The knowledge scores in posttest of three experimental groups were significantly higher than two control groups. The attitude and behavior intention scores in posttest of Group C were significantly higher than one control group, self-efficacy of refusing peer pressure were significantly higher than group A、group B and one control group. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrated that information approach could improve students’ smoking knowledge and program C will be the most effective smoking prevention program. A comprehensive anti-tobacco program is recommended for junior high students.
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預防吸菸教學, 青少年, 菸害資訊教學, 人際社交技巧教學, 媒體分析教學, tobacco prevention education, adolescent, inforrmation approach, psychosocial approach, media analysis approach