青烏物語：陰陽五行思想運用於繪畫藝術的呈現

Abstract

「天人合一」是整個中華文化最高的理念。天，就是自然。人處於自然之中，透過自身的體驗與觀察，創建出一套陰陽五行的哲學思維邏輯與系統架構。陰陽五行的學說理論基本表現在系統性思考上，而古代的智者思想家把這套系統架構多方應用在日常生活中，如大至國家的歷史政教、家族的興衰榮辱乃至個人切身相關的山、醫、命、卜、相的五件事，均是依循這套邏輯系統發展出趨吉避凶之法，從而把「天人合一」的理念實踐在日常生活之中。「相」，簡單來說是觀察之術，觀人、觀宅之相等等，其中便包含觀察自然地理的風水堪輿。繪畫作為空間和視覺的藝術，而山水畫在構圖排出聚、散、虛、實的空間佈局、筆墨表現出的濃、淡、乾、濕的趣味節奏，這些就是陰陽五行的藝術效果。在古代的山水繪畫裡，不單只有描寫自然景物的筆墨表現，而將自然環境如何將影響人的精神層面的風水知識運用在畫面之中，也是畫家考慮與關注的課題，這一本質也就體現了山水畫裡蘊含陰陽五行的本意。此種現象，在重視理學的宋代，其氛圍就已開始。本創作係以客觀的山為物象，經由筆者對其獨特的感知而創造出來的一種藝術形象。簡單地說，筆者試以山水之「象」來寓風水之「意」。本文論述是以文獻來分析陰陽與五行，來探討山水畫與風水之間的天人合一關係。在依據圖像研究法將陰陽五行的概念，對應到客觀的物象作為此次創作的學理基礎。由象而意的創作過程中，陰陽對比、結構佈局及造型顏色，無一不離陰陽五行的主軸。此創作的目的，乃筆者自我闡述經由「觀物取象」藉以「以象寓意」進而呈現「天地有大美」。

"Unity of man and nature" is the highest concept in entire Chinese culture. Heaven is nature. Man, through his own experience and observation in nature, he created a set of philosophical thinking logic and system structure of Yin Yang and Five Elements. The theory of Yin Yang and Five Elements expressed in systematic thinking, and the ancient wise thinkers put this framework in many aspects of daily life, such as the history, politics, religion of a country, the rise and fall of a family, and even individuals. The five things closely related to people are mountains, medicine, fortune, divination, and fortune-telling. They all developed in accordance with this logical system, which is a way to avoid bad luck and evil, thus putting the concept of harmony between man and nature into practice in daily life.Appearance, simply put, is the art of observation, observing people, houses, and nature. Including the good and bad of Feng Shui. Painting is an art of space and vision, while landscape painting is a composition that eliminates the gathering, dispersion, and reality of reality.The spatial layout of the space and the rhythm of dry and wet shades of pen and ink are the artistic effects of Yin Yang and Five Elements. In ancient landscape paintings, there are not only brush and ink expressions describing natural scenery, but also natural environment.The approach to apply the Feng Shui knowledge that affects people's spiritual level in the painting is also what the painter considers and pays attention to. Subject, this essence also embodies the original meaning of Yin Yang and Five Elements in landscape painting. This phenomenon should be paid attention to the atmosphere of Neo-Confucianism had already begun in the Song Dynasty. This creation is based on the objective mountain as an object, through the author's artistic image created by unique perception. To put it simply, the author tries to use the appearance of mountains and rivers to represent the meaning of Feng Shui.This article uses literature to analyze Yin and Yang and the five elements to explore the harmony between nature and man in landscape painting and Feng Shui. Based on the image research method, the concepts of Yin and Yang and the five elements are mapped to objective objects as the basis of this creation. The foundation of Neo-Confucianism. In the process of creation based on images, the contrast of Yin and Yang, structural layout and modeling color are all inseparable. One is inseparable from the main axis of Yin Yang and the five elements. The purpose of this creation is the author's self-explanation through taking appearance by observing objects. It uses images to symbolize and presents the great beauty of heaven and earth.