臺北市幼稚園教師預防遊戲場所事故傷害相關因素研究—健康信念模式之應用

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2012

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本研究依據健康信念模式探討臺北市幼稚園教師預防遊戲場所事故傷害相關因素。以臺北市幼稚園九十九學年度現職教師為母群體,採分層集束抽樣法。並以自編結構式問卷進行資料蒐集,共得有效樣本398份。本研究之重要結果如下: 一、研究對象預防遊戲場所事故傷害認知越高者與預防遊戲場所事故傷害態度越正向者,越會採取預防遊戲場所事故傷害行為。 二、研究對象預防遊戲場所事故傷害的健康信念與預防遊戲場所事故傷害行為之關係中發現:(一)研究對象之自覺因疏忽而導致兒童於遊戲場所發生事故傷害的罹患性越高者、嚴重性越高者、(二)自覺預防遊戲場所事故傷害的有效性越高者、障礙性越低者與(三)預防遊戲場所事故傷害的自我效能越有把握者,越會採取預防遊戲場所事故傷害行為。 三、研究對象預防遊戲場所事故傷害的行動線索與預防遊戲場所事故傷害行為之關係中發現:預防遊戲場所事故傷害的外部線索獲得來源越多者,越會採取預防遊戲場所事故傷害行為。 四、研究對象基本變項、預防遊戲場所事故傷害的健康信念、預防遊戲場所事故傷害的行動線索等變項對預防遊戲場所事故傷害行為變異量的解釋力為37.5%。顯著的預測變項為「服務於公立或私立幼稚園」、「專職園長」、「平均一週帶領兒童至遊戲場所的次數」、「有效性總分」、「障礙性總分」、「自我效能總分」、「外部線索總分」。其中又以「自我效能總分」影響力最高,其次為「有效性總分」,表示研究對象對於採取預防遊戲場所事故傷害行為把握程度越高,自覺利益越高,其落實行為表現越好。
Based on the Health Belief Model, this research investigated the related factors regarding the playground injuries prevention behavior among the kindergarten teachers in Taipei city. The participants for this research were selected from the population of kindergarten teachers in Taipei city in 2011 and were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. The method to carry out this study was using a survey, which included structured questionnaire to collect data, a total of 398 valid samples were obtained. Results of this study are as follows: 1.Kindergarten teachers who get higher scores in knowledge and attitude of playground injuries prevention, have a higher tendency to adopt playground injuries prevention behaviors. 2.The relationship between playground injuries prevention health belief and playground injuries prevention behavior has been examined: (1) the teacher who inadvertently lead to playground injuries in children has the higher score of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, have a higher tendency to adopt playground injuries prevention behaviors. (2) the higher score of perceived benefits in playground injuries prevention behavior and the lower score of perceived barriers, also have a higher tendency to adopt playground injuries prevention behaviors. And (3) the higher score of self-efficacy, have a higher tendency to adopt playground injuries prevention behaviors, too. 3.The relationship between playground injuries prevention cues to action and playground injuries prevention behaviors has been examined: the more exposure to external cues of playground injuries prevention sources, have a higher tendency to adopt playground injuries prevention behaviors. 4.Descriptive variables, playground injuries prevention health belief and playground injuries prevention cues to action are statistically relevant to predict subjects’ playground injuries prevention behaviors (the statistical power is 37.5%). The main predictive factors are listed below: “work at public or private kindergarten” , “full-time kindergarten principal” , “average times of taking children to the playground per week” , “perceived benefits” , “perceived barriers” , “self-efficacy” , “external cues”. The most significant one is “self-efficacy” , and the second one is “perceived benefits” , indicating that the study with the higher level of self-efficacy and the higher perceived benefits, has increasing influence on the implementation of playground injuries prevention behaviors.

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預防遊戲場所事故傷害, 健康信念模式, playground injuries prevention, Health Belief Model

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