蓋希文《第二狂想曲》作品研究

Abstract

蓋希文(George Gershwin, 1898-1937)從高中輟學生迅速成為二十世紀標誌性作曲家的生涯就像夜空中劃過的彗星一樣，耀眼而獨特，他憑藉非凡的才華和不懈的努力譜寫了他所處時代的傳奇。他巧妙地融合了「錫盤巷」(Tin Pan Alley)流行音樂、劇場音樂、爵士樂和古典音樂，創作了成功的流行歌曲、百老匯音樂劇、多種嚴肅作品和一部歌劇。這些作品受到了從交響樂團、鋼琴家、爵士樂隊和夜總會歌手等不同表演者的喜愛。他的音樂結合了形式上的精湛技藝、節奏活力和藍調元素，創造了一種獨特且廣泛深遠影響的原創風格，使他成為二十世紀最重要的美國作曲家之一。本論文聚焦于蓋希文鮮為人知的作品《第二狂想曲》，旨在探討其音樂和創作手法如何體現該作品的藝術價值。此曲是蓋希文一部被低估的重要作品，為鋼琴與管弦樂隊而作。本文從20世紀美國音樂史的角度出發，探討蓋希文作為開啟美國音樂文化新篇章的關鍵人物的地位，並詳細描述他個人藝術生涯的發展軌跡。接著圍繞《第二狂想曲》展開討論，不僅探討了其複雜而獨特的創作背景，還關注了首演情形、評論界反應以及樂譜版本等細節。最後通過從曲式與和聲、主題發展手法、旋律及節奏等多個角度進行分析，並結合多位蓋希文研究學者對這部作品的見解，力求全面理解這部作品的創作技法及其風格特徵。George Gershwin (1898–1937), a high school dropout who rapidly ascended to become one of the most iconic composers of the 20th century, led a career as dazzling and unique as a comet streaking across the night sky. Through his extraordinary talent and relentless dedication, he composed a legacy that epitomized the spirit of his era. He forged a hybrid of Tin Pan Alley, theater music, jazz, and classical music, writing successful popular songs, Broadway musicals, assorted serious compositions, and an opera, all of which have been embraced by performers ranging from symphony orchestras, pianists to jazz groups and nightclub singers. His music combined formal brilliance with rhythmic vitality and blues influences to create an original style distinctive in itself and broadly influential, making him the most significant American composer of the 20th century.This thesis focuses on George Gershwin's lesser-known work, Second Rhapsody, aiming to explore how its music and compositional techniques reflect the artistic value of the piece. Second Rhapsody is an underappreciated yet significant composition by Gershwin, written for piano and orchestra. From the perspective of the music history of the United States in the 20th century, this study examines Gershwin's role as a pivotal figure in ushering in a new chapter in American musical culture, while also detailing the trajectory of his personal artistic career. The discussion then centers on Second Rhapsody, delving into its complex and unique compositional background, as well as aspects such as its premiere, critical reception, and the variations in its score. Finally, through an analysis from multiple perspectives including form and harmony, thematic development, melody, and rhythm, and by incorporating the insights of numerous Gershwin scholars on this work, this thesis seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the compositional techniques and stylistic features of Second Rhapsody.