台灣北部地區青少年親子關係與吸菸行為之關聯研究

Abstract

研究背景及目的： 吸菸行為是導致過早死亡的最重要的可預防原因，也是非傳染性疾病的主要危險因子，青少年是菸品使用的弱勢族群，如何避免青少年的吸菸行為一直是公共衛生領域重大的議題之一。研究證實，良好的親子關係對青少年具有保護作用，可以避免危險行為。然而過去研究在探討青少年吸菸行為時，常以家人吸菸對青少年影響為主要探討方向，因此本研究的目的欲了解除了家人吸菸的影響因素外，親子關係是否為另一個關鍵原因？故進一步探討父子關係及母子關係對青少年吸菸行為的影響。 研究方法： 本研究對象為1,485位新北市及桃園市的國高中職學生。資料以描述性統計、卡方檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、及邏輯斯回歸等統計方法進行數據分析。 研究結果： 一、青少年沒有吸菸行為者佔92%，有吸菸行為者佔8% 二、青少年的母子關係與吸菸行為有達到統計上顯著負相關 結論與建議： 本研究結果顯示，青少年吸菸行為與親子關係中的母子關係有顯著負相關，B = -0.265，p = 0.009，OR = 0.767，也就是當母子關係越親近，青少年吸菸機率越低，若是母子關係疏離或匱乏，則青少年容易有吸菸行為產生。由於本研究為橫斷性研究，建議未來以縱貫性研究來了解青少年吸菸行為與母子關係的因果關聯。此外，青少年吸菸行為與家人吸菸有顯著相關，因此建議校園菸害防治課程應與家長連結，提供家庭戒菸服務資源，建立居家無菸環境，以減少青少年吸菸行為。Background and Objectives:Smoking is the most significant preventable cause of premature death and a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to tobacco use. Preventing adolescent smoking has been a critical public health issue. Research has shown that a strong parent-child relationship can protect adolescents from engaging in risky behaviors. However, most past studies on adolescent smoking have focused primarily on the influence of family smoking behaviors. This study aims to investigate whether the parent-child relationship is another key factor influencing adolescent smoking behavior, specifically examining the impacts of father-child and mother-child relationships.Methods: The study surveyed 1,485 junior and senior high school students from New Taipei City and Taoyuan City in northern Taiwan. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, and logistic regression. Results: 1. The majority of adolescents (92%) reported not smoking, while 8% reported smoking. 2. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the mother-child relationship and adolescent smoking behavior. Conclusion and Recommendation: The study found a significant negative correlation between adolescent smoking behavior and the mother-child relationship. Specifically, a closer mother-child relationship is associated with a lower likelihood of adolescent smoking (B = -0.265, p = 0.009, OR = 0.767). As this study is cross-sectional, future longitudinal studies are recommended to explore the causal relationship between adolescent smoking behavior and the mother-child relationship. Additionally, since adolescent smoking behavior is significantly related to family smoking, it is recommended that school-based tobacco prevention programs include parental involvement, provide family smoking cessation resources, and promote a smoke-free home environment to reduce adolescent smoking.