焊接金屬雕塑應用於公共藝術之創作研究–以新北市碧華國小公共藝術《依於仁 游於藝》為例

Abstract

當代公共藝術依都會發展、建築規模和環境空間的條件變化，激發出十分多元的媒材與表現形式。金屬材質由於耐候性佳、表面肌理和色彩選擇多樣，加上現代工業製程上鑄造、鍛造和焊接技術的發達，使得創作的規模、形制可以不受限制。其中，現代焊接金屬雕塑的製作手法，由於能因地制宜、融合空間地景的變化，具有大範圍有機增生的織雕特性，近年來在全球公共藝術市場上蔚為風潮。本創作研究即以焊接金屬雕塑的文獻分析和個案研究方法為基礎，解析藝術家如何成就一件好的公共藝術。研究脈絡從藝術家的創作動機、理念和造形三進路出發，探究其創作歷程如何滿足好的公共藝術三大要求：人、美學和創造力。文中並以楊英風、Albert Paley和Andy Scott等3個國內外著名案例，援引設計思考的方法論：同理心的觀察法、民族誌的研究法、創意奔馳法和說故事的應用等，來梳理當代焊接金屬雕塑在創作思維與形式發展上的多元風貌。接著，再以筆者親自創作的新北市碧華國小公共藝術作品《依於仁 游於藝》為個案研究，深入、完整探討焊接金屬雕塑應用於公共藝術，從創作思考、提案策略，再到執行製作上的實務操作歷程。最後，透過研究的彙整及發現，來省思國內當前焊接金屬公共藝術的發展現況，並提點和建議未來創新的可能性。Contemporary public art evolves to stimulate a variety of media materials and forms of expression according to development of the city, size of buildings, and environmental space. Due to excellent weather resistance, surface texture, and rich color selection of metal materials, coupled with development of casting, forging, and welding technologies in modern industrial processes, the scale of creation by using metal materials can be unlimited. The production of welded metal sculpture has become a trend in the global public art market since recent years because it can adapt to the environmental landscape very well with characteristics of “knitted sculpture” to grow in a large range. This paper sorts out the creation and development of contemporary welded metal sculpture based on principles of design thinking by citing three famous domestic and international cases of Yu-Yu Yang, Albert Paley, and Andy Scott. Then, taking the author’s public art work “Land of Butterflies, Home of Little Fishes” in Bihua Elementary School in New Taipei City as an example, practical operation processes of applying welded metal sculpture to public art in terms of creative thinking, proposal strategy, and production execution are discussed in detail. Finally, this study examines current domestic development of using welded metal sculpture in public art by summarizing research findings and points out possible future development.