臺灣戰後男性小說家的母親書寫

Abstract

有別於女性小說家的母親書寫，本文主以臺灣戰後男性鄉土小說家的母親書寫為題，除了藉以反映男性作家心目中的母親形象，一方面也透過其對母親的抒寫，瞭解作家所處時代的母親意象，以及母親角色扮演中所反映的社會、文化與政治的演變。目前臺灣女性小說家的母親書寫有不少人研究，但男性小說家的母親書寫卻少見學位論文等專題論著。從文學史視角綜觀，臺灣於戰後歷經數度不同思潮、政經背景的衝擊，以及文藝流派的遞嬗，男性小說的母親形象是否也隨之變動？本研究藉由分析戰後半個世紀（1946至2000年代）以來，不同時期的男性小說家在母親書寫上不同的面向、特徵，及其所指涉的文化意涵。研究題材包含吳濁流、文心、鍾理和、黃春明、鍾肇政、王拓、王禎和、七等生、郭松棻、葉石濤、李喬與鄭清文等的作品為討論對象。研究方法以女性主義、母職理論互證詮解，並以弗洛伊德戀母情結理論為參照，以結構敘事學分析。研究預期貢獻，有別於女性小說家的母親書寫，本研究之貢獻在於提出男作家小說中母親角色在社會結構中的不同定位及生命意涵。There have been many studies on the topic of mother writing of Taiwan's post-war “female” novelists, but the studies on “male” novelists can be barely seen. From the perspective of literary history, post-war Taiwan has experienced the impacts of politics, economics, and thought streams, as well as the transition of dominated literature schools. Was the mother writing by male nativist novelists thus changed? In this research, different from aspects, characteristics, and the referred cultural meanings in mother writing by male nativist novelists at different stages in half a century (1946 –2000) after the War will be investigated through the discussed materials including Zhuo-Liu Wu, Wen Xin, Li-He Zhong, Chun-Ming Huang, Zhao-Zheng Zhong, Tuo Wang, Zhen-He Wang, Qi-Deng- Sheng, Song-fen Kuo, Shi-Tao Ye, Qiao Li, and Qing-Wen Zheng’s “Mother’s Portrait”. Feminism and Motherhood theory will be used for co-verification and interpretation, also, Freud's Oedipal theory as a reference, as well as Narrative for structural analysis. Unlike female novelists’ mother writing, the contribution of the research is the proposition of different mother role positioning and life meaning in the social structure in male nativist novelists’ mother writing.