運動電影觀賞體驗與運動態度之研究─以大臺北地區大專校院生為例

Abstract

體驗感受是從直覺感受走向自覺反思的體驗價值，藉由觀賞運動促進運動態度，更想體驗運動，因此，本研究旨於探究大專校院生觀賞運動電影後，其觀賞體驗與運動態度的現況，並進一步探討不同背景變項對觀賞體驗與運動態度之差異，進而以多元逐步迴歸分析觀賞體驗與運動態度間之關聯性及預測模式。本研究以大臺北地區大專校院生為研究對象，共取得620份有效樣本，並以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、積差相關及多元逐步迴歸進行資料分析，所得結果如下： 一、大專校院運動電影觀賞者在觀賞體驗、運動態度感受程度良好，趨於高度正向評價。 二、大專校院生以女性、參加或曾經參加運動代表隊、運動頻率高者在運動電觀賞體驗 達顯著差異。性別對於感官、情感與關聯體驗達顯著差異；參與運動代表隊在思考、 行動體驗上達顯著差異；而運動頻率在行動體驗上達顯著差異。 三、大專校院生以女性、參加或曾經參加運動代表隊、運動頻率高者與觀賞電影頻率在運動態度達顯著差異。性別對於認知、情意態度達顯著差異；參與運動代表隊對於情意、行為態度上達顯著差異；運動頻率與電影觀賞頻率皆在行為態度達顯著差異。 四、大專校院運動電影觀賞者觀賞體驗之感官、情感、思考、行動、關聯與運動態度之認知、情意、行為意向上，呈高度相關性。 五、大專校院運動電影觀賞之情感體驗、思考體驗、行動體驗、關聯體驗具預測運動態度之能力。 基於上述結果，大專校院可將運動電影觀賞，納入體育課程或運動鑑賞課程教材之一，培養運動知能，透過運動觀賞的方式，學習其中許多的教育性與文化性的內涵與意義，並藉由觀賞運動而更想體驗運動，進行建立良好的運動價值觀與運動態度。Experience value is intuitive feelings to reflection knowing of experience feeling, promoting the exercise attitude by viewing the movement, and doing exercise. This study aimed to explore the spectators’ experience and exercise attitude after sports movies watched. According to research objectives, the study targeted on university students in Taipei area as the subjects. A total of 620 copies of valid questionnaire were distributed. By using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression to analyze subjects’ data, the results were as follows: 1. University students who watched sports movies tended to highly positive evaluation in the spectators’ experience and exercise attitude perception. 2. Regarding the spectators’ experience, there were significant differences among gender, participation in sports teams and regular exercise frequency. Spectators’ experience of sense, feel, and association had significant differences in gender, particularly in female. Spectators’ experience of thinking and action had significant differences in who participated in sports teams. And Spectators’ experience of action had significant differences in those who had regular exercise frequency. 3. Regarding the exercise attitude, there were significant differences among gender, participation in sports teams, regular exercise frequency and frequency of watching movie. Exercise attitude of knowledge, affection had significant differences in gender, particularly in female. Exercise attitude of affection, behavior had significant differences in those who participated in sports teams. Exercise attitude of behavior had significant differences in those who had regular exercise frequency and frequency of watching movie. 4. The spectators’ experience of sense, feel, thinking, action, association and exercise attitude knowledge, affection, behavior were highly correlated. 5. Spectators’ experience of feel, thinking, action, and association were the most effective variables to predict the exercise attitude. Based on the results, sports movies watching could be incorporated into the physical education curriculum or be one of the sports appreciation course materials in universities. Students could develop the knowledge of sports and learn the educational, cultural meaning and significance about the sports by watching sports movies. It could be also enhanced the students' sport motivation by watching sports movies, not only developing the positive behavior but establishing good values about the sports.