臺中市臺語海口腔的語言態度研究

Abstract

臺語主要分為「普通腔」與「海口腔」兩種，相對於「普通腔」，「海口腔」顯得相當稀罕與弱勢。因此，海口腔人經常被誤認為臺語不流利。 本研究針對此方向調查臺語次方言間的語言態度關係，研究普通腔人的負面語言態度和理解困難是否有所關聯。「普通腔」與「海口腔」之間最大的差異，為韻母「居」、「科」、「雞」、「杯」、「青」韻，以此為基礎設計具方言差的詞彙。以地圖測試的方法，讓普通腔人分別與普通腔、海口腔人對話與互動。在任務中可以發現部份普通腔人對海口腔人的反應有負面態度，因為普通腔人對海口腔人使用提問或迴避對方的對話方式，因而總歸部分的普通腔人對海口腔人有負面的語言態度。 研究結果顯示，所有的受試者皆成功到達地圖的終點，但是有負面語言態度的普通腔人，在引導地圖路線的途中出現部分錯誤。這些錯誤的表現，顯示了普通腔人的負面語言態度與意識。Taiwanese Mandarin has two major dialects: the "Phóo-thong dialect "and the "Hái-kháu dialect ". This study was mainly focused on the language attitudes, language use and Taiwanese ethnic identity. The study used "The map task method" to assess the phóo-thong dialect participants’ attitude toward the hái-kháu dialect participants. According to this study, some but not all of those who had been assessed as having negative attitudes toward the hái-kháu dialect participants were found to use either strategies that were described as “problematizing their partners’ utterances” or “avoidance". All participants completed the map task successfully except the phóo-thong dialect participants who used avoidance strategies, which suggesting that the relationship between attitude and comprehension is mediated by the strategy that chosen by the phóo-thong dialect participants. Therefore, although different groups of participants would ultimately have the same consequences for interactions, there appeared to be a tight bond between attitude and interactions.