大學生選課後悔與動機干擾之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在了解大學生選課後悔、後悔因應型態、社會支持與已選擇課程動機干擾的關係，並探討後悔因應型態，以及社會支持的中介與調節效果。本研究的參與者為516位就讀台灣各公私立大學的大學生，其中男生241人，女生275人，經立意取樣方式邀請其填答問卷。研究工具包括研究者自編之「後悔量表」、「後悔因應方式」、「社會支持量表」與「動機干擾量表」。所得資料以描述性統計、t考驗、迴歸分析進行統計分析。主要研究結果如下：(1) 「以適應未來為基礎」的認知重新評估、「反芻型思考」之因應策略分別可中介後悔對動機干擾的影響。(2)以三種後悔因應型態同時預測動機干擾時，「以適應現在為基礎的認知重新評估」與「反芻型思考」之後悔因應型態有顯著的預測力。(3)知覺的社會支持可中介後悔對動機干擾的影響。(4)較高水平的情感社會支持可緩解後悔與動機干擾的正向關聯的強度。(5)較高水平的社會支持可緩解「反芻型思考」之後悔因應與動機干擾的正向關聯的強度。本研究針對以上結果進行討論與具體建議，以提供教育實務與未來研究之參考。

The study aimed to understand the relationships among regret, regret coping styles, perceived social support, and experience of motivational interference during the chosen course, and explored the mediating and moderating effectiveness of both regret coping styles and perceived social support for college students. The survey was conducted by way of purposeful sampling and 516 college students studying in public and private universities in Taiwan (241 males and 275 females) were invited to finish questionnaires. Research instruments included self-designed “regret scale”, “regret coping styles scale”, “social support scale”, and “motivational interference scale”. The data analysis was processed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and regression analysis. The main findings were as follows: (1) Both the regret coping styles of rumination and present-focused reappraisal mediated the effect of regret on motivational interference. (2) Among three regret coping styles, only present-focused reappraisal and rumination can significantly predict motivational interference. (3) Perceived social support mediated the effect of regret on motivational interference. (4)A higher level of emotional support buffered the strength of the positive association of regret with motivational interference. (5) A higher level of perceived social support buffered the strength of the positive association of the regret coping style of rumination with motivational interference. According to the findings of the study, suggestions were provided to high school teachers, counselors, parents, and the future researchers.