以目標衝突理論探討接種COVID-19疫苗及防疫行為之相關因素研究
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2022
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從2020年初以來，台灣民眾面對COVID-19（簡稱新冠肺炎）疫情，因為害怕受到病毒感染和對疫情不斷演變而產生的焦慮感，導致對於接種疫苗時出現進退兩難（趨避衝突）的困境、產生正反矛盾的聯想，進而影響到防疫行為。本研究針對台灣在2021年五月新冠肺炎疫情大爆發後，探討成年人面對疫情威脅時的焦慮症狀是否受到人格特質影響，進而影響到接種疫苗的心理趨避效應以及採取的防疫行為之趨勢。本研究問卷收集採用滾雪球抽樣法，歷時3個月共回收288份，有效問卷277份。以統計軟體SPSS進行敘述統計分析及信效度分析確認問卷內容具備統計意義，進一步以結構方程模型分析進行統計量化分析，依據統計結果發現：（1）神經質對於疫情感染焦慮具有直接正向影響。（2）外向性對於疫情感染焦慮具有直接負向影響。（3）疫情感染焦慮對於接種疫苗的雙趨衝突和雙避衝突心理為皆具有直接正向影響。（4）接種疫苗的雙趨衝突心理對防疫行為具有直接負向影響。（5）接種疫苗的雙避衝突心理對防疫行為具有直接正向影響。
Since early 2020, people in Taiwan have been facing the COVID-19 (New Coronary Pneumonia) epidemic, and fear of virus-infection and anxiety about the evolving epidemic have led to dilemmas (approaching and avoiding conflict) and contradictory associations with vaccination, which in turn have affected vaccination practices. This study investigates whether anxiety of adults facing the threat of the epidemic are influenced by personality traits, which in turn affect the psychological avoidance effect of vaccination and the trend of preventive behaviors, after COVID-19 outbreak in May 2021. Snowball sampling method was adopted in this research, and 277 questionnaires were usefully collected while total 288 questionnaires collected within 3 months. Using the commertial statistical software (SPSS), the statistical and quantitative analysis in the issue of descriptive statistical analysis and reliability/validity analysis were performed for the usefulness of the 277 questionnaires. Afterward, the structural equation model analysis was applied into this study. According to the statistical results, it was found that: (1) Neuroticism was positively related to anxiety of epidemic infection. (2) Extroversion was negatively related to infection anxiety. (3) Epidemic infection anxiety was positively related to approach-approach conflict and avoidance-avoidance conflict in vaccination. (4) The goal conflict of vaccination was negatively related to epidemic prevention behavior. (5) The aovidance-avoidance conflict of vaccination was positively related to epidemic prevention intention.
Since early 2020, people in Taiwan have been facing the COVID-19 (New Coronary Pneumonia) epidemic, and fear of virus-infection and anxiety about the evolving epidemic have led to dilemmas (approaching and avoiding conflict) and contradictory associations with vaccination, which in turn have affected vaccination practices. This study investigates whether anxiety of adults facing the threat of the epidemic are influenced by personality traits, which in turn affect the psychological avoidance effect of vaccination and the trend of preventive behaviors, after COVID-19 outbreak in May 2021. Snowball sampling method was adopted in this research, and 277 questionnaires were usefully collected while total 288 questionnaires collected within 3 months. Using the commertial statistical software (SPSS), the statistical and quantitative analysis in the issue of descriptive statistical analysis and reliability/validity analysis were performed for the usefulness of the 277 questionnaires. Afterward, the structural equation model analysis was applied into this study. According to the statistical results, it was found that: (1) Neuroticism was positively related to anxiety of epidemic infection. (2) Extroversion was negatively related to infection anxiety. (3) Epidemic infection anxiety was positively related to approach-approach conflict and avoidance-avoidance conflict in vaccination. (4) The goal conflict of vaccination was negatively related to epidemic prevention behavior. (5) The aovidance-avoidance conflict of vaccination was positively related to epidemic prevention intention.
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COVID-19, 神經質, 外向性, 疫情感染焦慮, 趨避衝突理論, 防疫行為, COVID-19疫苗, COVID-19, neuroticism, extroversion, epidemic infection anxiety, goal conflict theory, anti-epidemic behavior, COVID-19 Vaccination