高齡者參與代間數位課程之動機與活躍老化：以老化態度為中介效果

Abstract

過去研究顯示參與學習動機(社會接觸、認知興趣、社會激勵和家庭凝聚)與活躍老化(參與、健康與安全層面)之間有正向相關，且老化態度(生理改變態度和正向老化態度)與參與學習動機(社會接觸、認知興趣、社會激勵和家庭凝聚)和活躍老化(參與、健康與安全層面)間為正向相關，老化態度(生理改變態度和正向老化態度)在三者之間有可能為中介變項，因此，本研究目的主要在了解並探討老化態度(生理改變態度和正向老化態度)是否能中介參與代間數位課程之動機(社會接觸、認知興趣、社會激勵和家庭凝聚)與活躍老化(參與、健康與安全層面)各構面間之關係。本研究透過問卷調查法進行資料收集，以北部地區年滿55歲以上高齡者為研究對象，共回收231份有效問卷，年齡介於55至83歲之間，平均數為62.87歲，男性63位(27.3％)，女性168位(72.7％)，調查所得資料以結構方程模型中之Bootstrap統計方法進行資料處理。研究結果顯示：(1)老化態度中的生理改變態度能中介參與動機中之社會接觸與活躍老化(參與、健康與安全層面)之間關係。(2)老化態度中的正向老化態度能中介社會接觸與活躍老化(健康與安全層面)之間關係，意即參與動機(社會接觸)能夠透過老化態度(生理改變態度和正向老化態度)間接對活躍老化(參與、健康與安全層面)產生正向預測力。

Some studies have shown that participation in learning motivation (social contact, cognitive interest, social stimulation and family togetherness) enhance active aging (health, participation and security). Attitudes toward aging (attitudes toward physical change and positive aging attitude) was positively correlation to participation in learning motivation (social contact, cognitive interest, social stimulation and family togetherness) and active aging (health, participation and security). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the mediating effect of attitudes toward aging among older adults on motivation for intergenerational e-learning and active aging. The study sample consisted of 231 older adults whom were, on average, 62.87 years old (range = 55 to 83 years of age); 72.7% were female. Bootstrap of structural equation modeling was used for the analysis. The results of this study are as follows: (1) Attitudes toward physical change has a mediating effects between social contact of participant motivation and active aging (health, participation and security).(2) Positive aging attitude has a mediating effects between social contact of participant motivation and active aging (health and security). This has led us to conclude that social contact of participant motivation affects Attitudes toward aging (attitudes toward physical change and positive aging attitude) and, in turn, that variable affects active aging (health, participation and security).