台灣原住民族國中學生能力觀之探究
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Date
2009
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Abstract
「能力」是日常生活中耳熟能詳的詞彙，但人們往往對其概念習焉不察；然抽象能力觀的形塑可能影響個人具體的外顯行為表現與自我概念的發展，進而引導著個人走向積極的成功或消極的失敗，實有深究之必要。而社會中關於原住民「能力」的種種揣測，究竟是原住民本身所認同的？抑或是漢人主觀價值意識之下的產物，藉此區隔族群文化的優劣？亦是本研究探詢的核心。因此，本研究以原住民學生為主體，聚焦描述其能力觀之形塑與對於學校生活適應的影響，冀望藉此促使原住民學生以自己的聲音敘說自身的能力觀。研究目的如下：
一、描述原住民學生能力觀之意涵。
二、探討形塑原住民學生能力觀的微觀與鉅觀因素。
三、瞭解原住民學生能力觀對身分認同的影響。
四、分析原住民學生能力觀與其學校適應之間的關聯性。
為能厚實的描述原住民學生的能力觀，本研究採取長期參與觀察、深度訪談與文件分析等質性研究方式，並選取花蓮縣某所公立國中之八年級學生為研究對象。在國二上學期開學之後，隨即進入現場進行實徵資料的蒐集，直至國二下學期末結束，研究時程為期一年左右。
本研究透過相關資料的分析與整理之後獲致下列結論：
一、原住民學生於社會認同中發展對能力觀之基本認知。
二、家庭的中介作用左右原住民學生能力觀的形塑。
三、原住民學生面對制度化能力觀有其順應與拒斥。
四、原住民學生能力觀凸顯階級差異。
最後，根據研究結論，研究者提出有關學生能力觀後續研究之可行方向與建議，備供參酌。
Individul ideas and actions are impacted by abstract perception of competence, which leads everyone to succeed or fail. In the field of education, students’ school adaptation is related to their perception of competence very much. There is flooded with conjectures about competence of aboriginal in our society, but that may be a subjective ideology of the Hans to differentiate between cultures. So, this study in order to understand perception of competence of aboriginal junior high school students, and analyze how do students’ school-adaptation strategy influenced by their competence conception. To fulfill the above-mentioned purposes, classroom observation and semi-structured interview techniques are employed to collect empirical data from aboriginal junior high school students in east Taiwan. The major findings are as follows: (1) aboriginal students’ basic perception of competence result from social identity ; (2)family is mediator of competence formation as school; (3) aboriginal students are not wholly to conform to institutionalized conception of competence; (4) there are diversity of class in aboriginal students’ perception of competence.
Individul ideas and actions are impacted by abstract perception of competence, which leads everyone to succeed or fail. In the field of education, students’ school adaptation is related to their perception of competence very much. There is flooded with conjectures about competence of aboriginal in our society, but that may be a subjective ideology of the Hans to differentiate between cultures. So, this study in order to understand perception of competence of aboriginal junior high school students, and analyze how do students’ school-adaptation strategy influenced by their competence conception. To fulfill the above-mentioned purposes, classroom observation and semi-structured interview techniques are employed to collect empirical data from aboriginal junior high school students in east Taiwan. The major findings are as follows: (1) aboriginal students’ basic perception of competence result from social identity ; (2)family is mediator of competence formation as school; (3) aboriginal students are not wholly to conform to institutionalized conception of competence; (4) there are diversity of class in aboriginal students’ perception of competence.
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能力觀, 原住民中學生, 學校適應, perception of competence, aboriginal student, school adaptation