臺北縣某高中學生知覺生活壓力、自尊、社會支持與自殺意念之相關研究

Abstract

本論文之主要目的為欲了解高中生自殺意念之現況，並進一步探討個人背景因素、知覺生活壓力、自尊及社會支持與其自殺意念之間的關係。本研究以台北縣某高中學生為母群，採隨機抽樣法抽出研究樣本，並利用自填式問卷方法進行資料收集，共獲得有效樣本數387人，有效回收率為97%。所得資料以單因子變異數分析、t檢定、皮爾森積差相關及複迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果歸納如下： 一、高中生整體自殺意念落在「很少如此」的程度上。研究對象中有自殺意念的人數百分比介於6.4%至15.8%之間。 二、在過去6個月內，研究對象知覺生活壓力最大的生活事件為來自學校的壓力。 三、研究對象整體自尊呈現中間偏正向的狀況。 四、研究對象社會支持來源以來自朋友的支持為最多，其次為特定他人的支持，家人支持為最少。 五、研究對象知覺生活壓力因性別、年級、家庭社經地位的不同而有顯著差異。 六、研究對象社會支持因性別、父母婚姻狀況、居住狀況的不同而有顯著差異。 七、研究對象自殺意念程度因居住狀況的不同而有顯著差異。 八、研究對象的知覺生活壓力和自殺意念之間有顯著的正相關存在。自尊及社會支持和自殺意念之間有顯著的負相關存在。 九、研究對象的社會人口學、知覺生活壓力、自尊、社會支持等變項，能解釋高中生自殺意念52.4%的變異量。 十、有效預測高中生自殺意念的自變項為自尊與社會支持中的家人支持。 最後，依據研究結果進行討論，並分別針對實務工作與未來研究提出建議。The purposes of this study were to investigate the current suicidal ideation of high school students in taipei county and to explore its relationship between life stress, self-esteem, and social support. By using a random sampling method, 387 of valid samples were collected with a self-administrated questionnaires Data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA, independent-sample T test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple linear regression. The main findings of the study were as follows: 1.The overall suicidal ideation of high school students was very rarely.6.4%-15.8% of the subjects had suicidal ideation during the past weeks. 2.Subjects perceive the most of life stress events are school events in past 6 months. 3.The score of subjects’ global self-esteem was mainly distributed at middle-high level. 4. Subjects perceive the most of social support are come from friends support, the next are significant others support, and the last are family support. 5. The life stress of subjects are significant difference among sex, grade, and social economic status. 6. The social support of subjects are significant difference among sex, parents marital status , and living situation. 7. The suicidal ideation of subjects are significant difference among living situation. 8. The suicidal ideation of subjects was positive correlation between life stress.and was negative correlation between social support and esteem. 9.The demography data, life stresses,self esteem and social supports can explain 52.4% of the total variances in suicidal ideation of subjects. 10. The self esteem and family support can predict suicidal ideation of high school students. At the end of this thesis, these results were discussed and suggestions for the practical experience and future studies.