歷史創傷經驗與解說—以嘉義市陳澄波、二二八文化館為例

Abstract

本研究主要探討二二八事件受難者與家屬的歷史創傷經驗，以及他們擔任「陳澄波、二二八文化館」的解說志工時，導覽解說的內容。採用立意抽樣選取「陳澄波、二二八文化館」中四位解說志工為研究對象，並以「陳澄波、二二八文化館」為研究場域，進行質化研究。透過觀察法、深度訪談與文件分析，探討四位受訪者個人的歷史創傷經驗，並分析他們採用的解說策略。

本研究發現四位受訪者皆有二二八事件相同的創傷記憶，只是因其身份不同，所受到的影響也不同。此外，導覽解說策略受限於解說員本身的經驗，因此解說過程與解說員本身的受難經驗及社會位置相關；解說內容亦受限於「陳澄波、二二八文化館」的展示設計。導覽解說對於解說志工而言，有教育傳承、記取教訓的意義This study aims to explore the victims and their families’ experiences in the 228 Incident which occurred at Chiayi in 1947. Furthermore, it depicts that how those voluntary guides do to help the visitors to understand the incident in the Chiayi 228 Museum. Taking a qualitative approach, multi-method designed was set up including in-depth interviews, observation and document analysis to study a sample of four docents.

One of major findings is that although four docents have the same traumatic memories, their experiences are quite different due to the status. Following, the study shows that during the guided tour, the choice of the theme and narrative are based on their sufferings, intimate relationships and social statuses. Also, narratives used in museum, are restricted to the exhibition which is a highly literate design. Finally, it concludes that conducting the tour guide for the victim and their families has a value for understanding the past and supporting the learning of war to the sufferings and the need to avoid it.