台北縣國民中學教師輔導學生策略之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國民中學教育人員對輔導相關辦法的看法、國中學生最常犯的重大違規行為有那些、造成國中學生重大違規行為的原因及國中教師輔導學生偏差行為的有效策略。 本研究係採描述研究法，其具體作法為問卷調查。首先閱讀相關的文獻資料，確定研究主題後，界定問題的範圍與性質，蒐集各大學圖書館與研究有關的論著專書、研究報告、期刊雜誌等，並利用網際網路搜尋研究有關之國內外相關資料，進行文獻的分析與探討，據以設計問卷，經由預試及專家效度修正後，編製成正式的問卷。 針對台北縣國中教師對學生偏差行為問題的輔導看法與應用，進行了解分析。本研究共施測22所學校，發出860份問卷；實際回收22所學校，回收有效問卷數計764份；資料透過次數分配、百分比、平均數、標準差、t考驗進行分析，研究發現： 一、教師輔導與管教學生辦法中第四條第七款規定，教師不因個人或少數人錯誤而懲罰全體學生，教師的看法是明顯同意。 二、教師輔導與管教學生辦法中第七條規定，教師應對學生實施生活、學習、生涯、心理與健康等各種輔導。教師的看法是明顯同意。 三、教訓輔三合一實驗整合方案實施策略中，認為教師在教學歷程中具辨識學生行為問題的能力，並落實輔導的責任。教師的看法是明顯同意。 四、教訓輔三合一實驗整合方案」實施策略中，認為教師在教學中應融入人性化輔導理念，強化教師的教學效能。教師的看法是明顯同意。 五、探討國中學生最常犯的重大違規行為，依頻率高低區分，頻率較高者有抽菸、曠課、打架、蹺課。 六、探討造成國中學生重大違規行為的主要原因有價值觀偏差，好逸惡勞、交友不慎，受不良朋友影響；次要原因有家庭不正常、學習興趣低落，學業低成就。 七、瞭解國中教師對輔導學生偏差行為的有效策略： 本研究所提出的十大輔導策略；包含三十五項方法，依第四章研究結果得到證明，國中教師都贊成每一項策略是可行、值得運用的。（一）提升教師專業輔導知能；（二）人本關懷的教學態度；（三）建立教師輔導網絡；（四）提升親師生良好互動的功能；（五）加強親職教育以有效輔導學生；（六）強化社區精神提昇守望相助功能；（七）促使大眾傳播媒體發揮正面教育功能；（八）結合北縣少年警察隊積極發揮輔導功能；（九）協助學生養成正當休閒娛樂；（十）落實學校之民主法治教育。 最後，本論文依據研究發現與結論，分別對教育行政機關、學校行政領導人員、國中教育人員、未來研究者等四方面，提出具體建議的教育輔導措施，供國民中學教育人員參考。This study is aimed at discussing how junior high school teachers respond to some consulting and guidance methods, what major deviant behaviors students would make are, why students would make such deviant behaviors, and finally what effective strategies teachers would choose to consult and guide those students. We use descriptive research approach; questionnaire survey is core part of it. At first, we read as many related documents as possible, and then propose the research topic. The following steps are to define the domain and nature of the topic, to collect much more related specific books, essays, papers, and articles on the topic from every university library. Besides, we also take advantage of the Internet to search for possible materials, which can’t be obtained domestically. Then after digesting these large amounts of documents, we make general and whole comparative analysis and deeper insight discussion. We also ask some experts to preview the questionnaire and make some amendments to it. Therefore we present this questionnaire sample. The Survey of research was performed on 22 schools；860 questionnaires were posted. A total of 764 effective questionnaires were returned from 22 schools； the statistical methods used in this research are frequency distribution, percentile, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and statistical analysis. The outcome shows: 1.Regulations Governing and Discipline/Educating by Teacher Fourth clause and Seventh article to define：Teachers won’t punish all the students just because of their personal reasons or because few students makes mistakes. Most teachers agree with that. 2.Regulations Governing and Discipline/Educating by Teacher Seventh clause to define：Teachers should consult with students about life, learning, career planning, psychology and health. Most teachers agree with that. 3.Study, Student and Guidance Three In One Program implement the tactics：In the process of teaching and learning, teachers should have the ability to understand students’ behavior problems and take the responsibilities to consult with students. Most teachers agree with that. 4.Study, Student and Guidance Three In One Program implement the Strategies: Teachers have to take advantages of the ideas of personal consulting and then enforce their teaching efficiency. Most teachers agree with that. 5 The highly common behaviors most junior high school students would have are smoking, cutting classes, fighting with other students and missing classes. 6.The reasons why students would violate regulations are because they don’t have correct sense of values, they are lazy, making bad friends and influenced by them, not have the normal families, low interest in learning and too low schooling accomplishment. 7.The effective strategies to understand junior high school teachers consult with students’ deviant behaviors: This study points out ten consulting strategies, which contain 35 methods. In chapter four, there is sufficient evidence to prove that junior high school teachers agree that each strategy is reasonable and valuable to apply to. 1）Increase teachers’ professional knowledge about consulting； 2）The attitudes of being humanitarian; 3）Build the network of consulting among teachers; 4）Promote the interrelationship between teachers and students; 5）Move on the education between parents and children which can help students more effectively; 6）Combine the community resources; 7）Push the mass media to develop positive educational skills； 8）Cooperate with Taipei County Police Corps for Juvenile Delinquents； 9）Help students to develop leisure activities； 10）To carry out school’s democracy and law education. Finally, according to research outcomes, this research proposes some suggestions, and concrete educational guidance’s and measures for educational administrative agencies, school administrative leaders, junior high school educators, and these researchers who will study on related topics as references.