香港投資移民家庭來臺灣後的親職壓力及因應歷程

Abstract

本研究旨在探討香港投資移民家庭來臺灣後面臨的親職壓力及其因應歷程。本研究採取質性研究法，深度訪談四個香港投資移民家庭，並以家庭壓力理論為基礎，透過主題分析法，探究香港投資移民家庭移民臺灣後，遇到什麼樣的親職壓力及他們因應這些壓力的整體歷程。研究結果如下：一、香港投資移民家庭移民臺灣後，除了會遇到從香港延伸至臺灣的親職壓力外，還會面臨因移民引起的新增親職壓力源。引致親職壓力的因素包括：（i）移民為父母帶來的焦慮；（ii）移民後親職角色的再詮釋；（iii）移民後子女對生活的適應；及（iv）移民後家庭資源的壓縮。

二、香港投資移民家庭嘗試以（i）擴展家庭可使用的因應資源；及（ii）重新定義移民後的親職轉變，因應移民臺灣後面臨的親職壓力。香港投資移民家庭透過為投資移民生意開源、為子女提供合適的學習資源、強化家庭系統資源和尋求合適的社會支持等方式，為家庭增加可使用資源。父母亦以正向定義移民決策對子女發展的優良影響及調整對子女的要求與期望，重新定義移民後的親職轉變。

本研究的結果呼應了家庭壓力理論的概念，即當家庭有更充足的資源及能對壓力源賦予較正向的定義時，他們便能更有效地因應因移民引起的親職壓力，獲得良好的調適。研究者亦依據研究結果，對投資移民家庭及未來研究提出相關建議。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the parenting stress and coping process faced by Hong Kong investment immigration families after moving to Taiwan. This study adopts a qualitative research method to conduct in-depth interviews with four Hong Kong investment immigration families. Based on Family Stress Theory, and through thematic analysis, this study explores the kind of parenting stress encountered by Hong Kong investment immigration families after immigrating to Taiwan and their overall coping process. The results of the study are as follows:1. After immigrating to Taiwan, Hong Kong investment immigration families do not only encounter parenting stress that extends from Hong Kong to Taiwan, but also face new sources of parenting stress caused by immigration. Factors causing parenting stress include: (i) anxiety brought by immigration to parents; (ii) reinterpretation of parental roles after immigration; (iii) children's adaptation to life after immigration and (iv) compression of family resources after immigration.

2. Hong Kong investment immigration families attempted to (i) expand the coping resources available to the families and (ii) redefine the parental transition after immigration, to cope with the parenting stress encountered in Taiwan. Hong Kong investment immigration families increased family resources by opening up sources of income for the investment business, providing appropriate learning resources for their children, strengthening family system resources, and seeking appropriate social support. Parents also redefine the parenting transition after immigration by giving positive meaning to the impact of immigration decisions on their children's development positively and adjusting their demands and expectations on their children.

The findings of this study echo the concept of Family Stress Theory, which suggests that when families have more resources and are able to define stressors more positively, they are more capable of coping with the parenting stress caused by immigration and can adapt better to their current situation. Based on the research results, the researcher puts forward relevant suggestions for investment immigrationfamilies and future research.